Sports Midterm Chapter 8: Group Cohesion

Front 1

• Cohesion

Back 1

o The total field of forces which act on members to remain in the group

Front 2

How to encourage cohesion in groups

Back 2

 Encourage effective communication
• Team members must be able to express their own thoughts and ideas
 Remind team members how they contribute, are valuable to the team
 Promote a sense of pride
 Setting challenging group goals
 Encourage group identity (uniforms, etc)
 Avoid cliques
 Avoid excessive turnover
 Encourage regular team meetings
• Preferably once a week, so everyone knows that their voice is important

Front 3

• Attractiveness of the group

Back 3

o The individual’s desire for interpersonal interactions with other group members and a desire for interpersonal interactions with other group members and a desire to be involved in the group’s activities

Front 4

• Means control

Back 4

o The benefits that a member can derive by being associated with the group

Front 5

• Task cohesion

Back 5

o The degree to which members of a group work together to achieve common goals

Front 6

• Social cohesion

Back 6

o The degree to which members of a timea like each other and enjoy one another’s company

Front 7

Conceptual Model of Cohesion (factors)

Back 7

• Environmental factors
o Normative
 size of group, level of competition, age, player under contract
• Personal factors
o Individual characteristics of group members
o Great deal of variation occurs
 Demographic attributes
• Gender
 Cognitions and motives
• Attributions for responsibility, anxiety
 Behavior
• Adherence or loafing
• Leadership factors
• Team factors
o Group productivity norms, desire for group success, group roles, group position, and team stability

Front 8

• Sociogram

Back 8

o Measures social cohesion
o Presence of cliques, members’ perceptions fo group closeness, friendship choices within the group

Front 9

• Direction of causality

Back 9

o Refers to whether cohesion leads to performance success or performance success leads to cohesion
o Appears to be circular

Front 10

• Other factors related to cohesion

Back 10

o Team satisfaction
o Conformity
o Adherence
o Social support
o Stability
 Low turnover rate for group membership and long length of time group members have been together
o Group goals