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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the grading system for ligament injuries?
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I-intrasubstance tear that is stable
II- partila thickness tear with slight laxity III is complete tear that is unstable and weak |
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what are the criteria for on field head injury exam?
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orientation to time and place, post traumatic amnesia, follow compound comands, dazed, abnormal speech, gait or balance difficulties, and parasthesias or weakness
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describe grade 1 closed head injury.
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minor, no loss of conscoiusness, no amnesia, confusion less than 5-10 minutes. observe for 20 minutes, then they may return to play.
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describe grade 2 closed head injuries.
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mild concussion, no loss of consciousness, amnesia for less than 20 minutes, other symptoms may persist, remove the pt. from competition and they can return after 1 week of being asymptomatic (unless this is their 2nd one this season, then wait two weeks). If this is their third CHI then they are out for the season
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describe grade 3 closed head injuries
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moderate concusion, loss of consciousness ofr less than 5 minutes, amnesia less than 12 hours, post concussive syndrome, remove from play, CT or MRI, neurosurgical eval, returen to play for 2 weeks after normal MRI, if 2nd one, theu are out for season
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describe grade four closed head injuries
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severe concussion or brain injury, loss of consciousness for over 5 minutes, amnesia for over 12 hours, treat this as presumed spinal injury until proven otherwise, CT or MRI, neurosurgical eval and close observation.
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what are "burners" and how are they treated? differentials?
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upper cervical root neurapraxia usually of c5, c6. "arm goes dead" return to play when asymptomatic. Must rule out cervical disc/stenosis if recurrent. Can have neck roll in football to prevent them.
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what is another name for an AC joint sprain and how should it be treated?
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seperated shoulder. Ice and compression. X ray to evaluate surgery need. Maintain ROM in joint
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How should shoulder instability be treated, acutely and chronic?
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acutely it will need a reduction and neurovascular check. If older than 40 there is r/o rotator cuff tear. can do rotator cuff strengthening. maybe arthroscopy...
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treatments for impingements or tendinitis?>
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injection, cuff strengthening or role of arthroscopy...
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when do most muscle and ligament tears occur?
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during an eccentric contraction (contracted muscle is stretched)
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what is a SLAP lesion?
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superior labrum, anterior or posterior
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how do you treat a biceps rupture?
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if it is distal (tuberosity) repair it early. Proximal repair of the long head is controversial
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what are common names for lateral and medial epicondylitis in the elbow?
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lateral is tennis elbow and medial is golfers elbow
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describe tennis elbow.
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tendinosis not itis, ECRB, use nsaids, forearm strap, ice, injections, surgical debridgement
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describe little league elbow
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medial epicondylitis with or without avulsion, capitellr OCD, valgus overload, limit throwing
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what must you look for in a wrist sprain?
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a scaphoid fracture, if dx unclear put in spica splint and re-image in ten days
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describe an anterior superior iliac spine contusion.
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"hip pointer," compress the area with ace wrap, ice em, stretching, walking, and biking ASAP, can retun to sport as tolerated
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how do you treat a quadriceps contusion AKA thigh bruise?
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immobilize in hyperflexion overnight, RICE, running at 1 to 2 days then strengthen then return to sport
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Tibial colateral ligament sprain treatments.
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ice, compression, immediate ROM, brace, water exercises, could be 1 week to 6 weeks til return to sport depending upon injury severity
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patellar tendinitis is AKA what?
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jumper's knee
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what is the movement that usually causes ACL tears?
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valgus, rotation
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if the knee is swollen, what is possible?
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ACL tear, meniscus injury, chondral fracture, NOT a sprain
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why is a knee dislocation an emergency?
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there is a risk of vascular injury
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what are differentials for an ankle sprain?
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fracture of malleoli, talus, calcaneous, syndesmotic injury, OCD, fibular dislocation.
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should achilles tendonitis be treated with injections?
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NO
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describe conditions of an achilles rupture?
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feels like shot in the heal, feel a pop, thomas test, cast , surgery
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what is the common name for 1st MTP sprain?
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turf toe
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