Sports Med 2 Final Exam

Front 1

3 main joints of the knee

Back 1

patellofemoral joint
tibiofemoral joint
tibiofibular joint

Front 2

Patella

Back 2

largest sesmoid bone in the body
used in creating more torque

Front 3

Femur

Back 3

longest and strongest bone (THATS WHAT SHE SAID!)

Front 4

Intercondylar notch

Back 4

femoral grove
holds the patella in place

Front 5

Intercondylar fossa

Back 5

Where the ACL & PCL are housed

Front 6

Fibula

Back 6

head of the fibula
Styloid process

Front 7

Tibia

Back 7

medial & lateral tibial plateau
tibial tuberosity

Front 8

Bursa

Back 8

fluid-filled sac!
(at least i know this one)

Front 9

Plica

Back 9

extra folds of tissue in the knee joint

Front 10

4 quad muscles

Back 10

vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedialis
rectus femoris

Front 11

Capsule

Back 11

surrounds the joint
provides extra stability
holds synovial fluid (GROSS!)

Front 12

Nerve supply

Back 12

sciatic nerve
tibial nerve
common peroneal nerve

Front 13

MCL Injury
(medial collateral ligament)

Back 13

MOI:
-valgus stress with or without a blow
-rotational stress on knee
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-instability medially
-point tenderness

Front 14

LCL Injury
(lateral collateral ligament)

Back 14

MOI:
-varus stress with or without a blow
S/SX:
-point tenderness
-not much swelling
-instability laterally
-px

Front 15

ACL
(anterior cruciate ligament)

Back 15

-Attaches from posterior of femur to anterior of tibia
-prevents anterior movement
-prevents tibia from going forward
-prevents hyperextension
MOI:
-planted foot with internal rotation
-hyperextension
-unhappy triad (MCL, Medial meniscus, ACL)
S/SX:
-swells like a balloon
-pop
-might not be in extreme px
-instability

Front 16

PCL
(posterior cruciate ligament)

Back 16

-Runs from anterior of femur to posterior of tibia
-Prevents hyperflexing
-Prevents posterior movement of tibia
MOI:
-hyperflexion
-posteriorly directed blow to flexed knee
S/SX:
-bruise on tibial tuberosity
-swelling
-pop
-pain in posterior lateral corner of knee

Front 17

Tibial Femoral Dislocation

Back 17

MOI:
-tibial femoral joint gets dislocated
-ruptured ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL
-excessive forcible hypextension
S/SX:
-px
-deformity
-possibly no sensation
-possibly no circulation

Front 18

Bursitis

Back 18

MOI:
-chronic: overuse
-acute: direct trauma
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-point tenderness

Front 19

Osteochondral Knee Fx

Back 19

MOI:
-indirect or shearing forces
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-clicking
-limited motion

Front 20

Patella Subluxation/Dislocation

Back 20

MOI:
-deceleration with cutting in opposite direction
-lateral rotation of tibia
-blow to medial or lateral side of patella
-predisposition
S/SX:
-crack down the middle
-point tenderness
-px
-crepitus

Front 21

Fibula

Back 21

head of the fibula
Styloid process

Front 22

Tibia

Back 22

medial & lateral tibial plateau
tibial tuberosity

Front 23

Bursa

Back 23

fluid-filled sac!
(at least i know this one)

Front 24

Plica

Back 24

extra folds of tissue in the knee joint

Front 25

4 quad muscles

Back 25

vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedialis
rectus femoris

Front 26

Capsule

Back 26

surrounds the joint
provides extra stability
holds synovial fluid (GROSS!)

Front 27

Nerve supply

Back 27

sciatic nerve
tibial nerve
common peroneal nerve

Front 28

MCL Injury
(medial collateral ligament)

Back 28

MOI:
-valgus stress with or without a blow
-rotational stress on knee
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-instability medially
-point tenderness

Front 29

LCL Injury
(lateral collateral ligament)

Back 29

MOI:
-varus stress with or without a blow
S/SX:
-point tenderness
-not much swelling
-instability laterally
-px

Front 30

ACL
(anterior cruciate ligament)

Back 30

-Attaches from posterior of femur to anterior of tibia
-prevents anterior movement
-prevents tibia from going forward
-prevents hyperextension
MOI:
-planted foot with internal rotation
-hyperextension
-unhappy triad (MCL, Medial meniscus, ACL)
S/SX:
-swells like a balloon
-pop
-might not be in extreme px
-instability

Front 31

PCL
(posterior cruciate ligament)

Back 31

-Runs from anterior of femur to posterior of tibia
-Prevents hyperflexing
-Prevents posterior movement of tibia
MOI:
-hyperflexion
-posteriorly directed blow to flexed knee
S/SX:
-bruise on tibial tuberosity
-swelling
-pop
-pain in posterior lateral corner of knee

Front 32

Tibial Femoral Dislocation

Back 32

MOI:
-tibial femoral joint gets dislocated
-ruptured ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL
-excessive forcible hypextension
S/SX:
-px
-deformity
-possibly no sensation
-possibly no circulation

Front 33

Bursitis

Back 33

MOI:
-chronic: overuse
-acute: direct trauma
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-point tenderness

Front 34

Osteochondral Knee Fx

Back 34

MOI:
-indirect or shearing forces
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-clicking
-limited motion

Front 35

Patella Subluxation/Dislocation

Back 35

MOI:
-deceleration with cutting in opposite direction
-lateral rotation of tibia
-blow to medial or lateral side of patella
-predisposition
S/SX:
-subluxation
-dislocation
(DUHHHHHHH)

Front 36

Patellar Fx

Back 36

MOI:
-direct blow
-forceful quads contraction
S/SX:
-crack down the middle
-point tenderness
-px
-crepitus

Front 37

Patellar Tendon Rupture

Back 37

MOI:
-direct blow
-forceful quads contraction
S/SX:
-deformity
-decrease in ROM
-feel a snap (GROSSSSS)

Front 38

Patellar Tendonitis

Back 38

MOI:
-over use
S/SX:
-crepitus
-squeaking
-px
-swelling

Front 39

Osgood Schlatter Condition
(i have this...boooooo)

Back 39

MOI:
-overuse
-"Wolf's Law" (over doing it)

Front 40

Plica Irritation

Back 40

MOI:
-indirect trauma
-overuse
S/SX:
-point tenderness
-feels like pencil lead

Front 41

Meniscus

Back 41

-2 moon shaped C's
-between femur and tibia
-more blood supply to the outside
-deepens socket for stability
MOI:
-twisting
-forced flexion
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-clicking or cracking
-limited motion

Front 42

Right Upper Quadrant
(abdominal)

Back 42

-liver
-lung
-kidney
-pancreas

Front 43

Left Upper Quadrant

Back 43

-heart
-spleen
-kidney
-stomach
-lung

Front 44

Right Lower Quadrant

Back 44

-appendix
-bladder
-colon
-ureter
-gonads (sex organs) just ask allie & christian... whoops did i just say that?

Front 45

Left Lower Quadrant

Back 45

-bladder
-colon
-gonads

Front 46

Peritoneal Cavity

Back 46

holds all the organs

Front 47

Retroperitoneal cavity

Back 47

-behind the peritoneal cavity (NO SHIT!)
-holds kidney and parts of liver

Front 48

Hollow Organs

Back 48

-stomach
-bladder
-lungs

Front 49

Solid Organs

Back 49

-kidney
-liver

Front 50

Bladder

Back 50

-full bladder can rupture with a direct blow
-car accidents usually

Front 51

Infectious Mononucleosis

Back 51

-spleen swells up
-liver swells up

Front 52

Pallor

Back 52

pale

Front 53

Pentonitis

Back 53

board like rigidity

Front 54

Tachypnea

Back 54

fast breathing

Front 55

Tachycardia

Back 55

fast heart rate

Front 56

Hypotension

Back 56

low blood pressure

Front 57

contra coupe

Back 57

hit on one side, but it hurts on the other side

Front 58

solar plexus

Back 58

getting the wind knocked out of you

Front 59

Liver

Back 59

-largest organ in body
-filters poisons out of blood
- assists with blood clotting
-stores glucose
MOI:
-hit
-elbowed
-referred px right scapula

Front 60

Spleen

Back 60

-filters blood
-largest lymph
-makes blood cells
-filters blood cells
-destroys blood cells
-produces antibodies

Front 61

Bursa
(3 parts)

Back 61

-subacromial
-subdeltoid
-subcoracoid

Front 62

Articulations

Back 62

-glenohumeral
-sternoclavicular
-coraclavicular
-acromioclavicular
-sternoclavicular
-scapulothoracis

Front 63

Brachial Plexus

Back 63

-from C5 to C7, and T1

Front 64

Circulation

Back 64

-subclavian artery
-axillary artery
-brachial artery

Front 65

Sternoclavicular Sprain

Back 65

MOI:
-falling on side
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-decrease in ROM
-possible ranges of deformity
-abduction and adduction px

Front 66

Acromioclavicular Sprain

Back 66

-also known as a seperated shoulder
MOI:
-fall on outstretched arm
-direct blow
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-deformity
-px in abduction and adduction

Front 67

Rotator Cuff Strain

Back 67

MOI:
-overuse
-violent pull to the arm
-fall on outstretched arm
-abnormal rotation
SX:
-px with motion
-abduction px

Front 68

Impingement Syndrome

Back 68

factors leading to injury:
-muscular imbalance
-excessive capsular laxity
-loss of capsular laxity
degrees of injury are...
-stage 1:under 21, achy after exercise
-stage 2:achy at night, decrease in ROM, px with abduction
-stage 3: older, decrease in ROM, px
S/SX:
-px above 90 degrees
-px when crossing arms

Front 69

Bicipital Tendonitis

Back 69

MOI:
-overuse
-poor mechanics
-poor/excessive flexibility
S/SX:
-px with adduction
-crepitus
-sore with activity

Front 70

Glenohumeral Joint Sprain

Back 70

Anterior MOI:
-forced abduction with external rotation
-direct blow to posterior of shoulder
Anterior S/SX:
-deformity
-px
-no movement
Posterior MOI:
-forced adduction with internal rotation
-fall on extended & internally rotated arm
-anteriorly directed blow
Posterior S/SX:
-deltoid flattened
-deformity
-no movement

Front 71

Glenoid Labrum

Back 71

-cup that holds humerus
-frequent subluxation/dislocation
TX:
-orthoscopic or open surgery to repair

Front 72

Loose Capsule

Back 72

-capsule that holds head of humerus in place
-constant dislocation/subluxation can cause this
TX:
-shrinking tissue with a hot iron or laser :) cool

Front 73

Distal Humerus

Back 73

medial epicondyles- wrist flexors
lateral epicondyles- wrist extensors
-capitulum
-trochea
-olecran fossa
-coronoid fossa

Front 74

Radius

Back 74

radius is wider at wrist

Front 75

Articulations

Back 75

-humeroulnar
-ulnaradial
-humeroradial

Front 76

Soft Tissue Stability

Back 76

-ulnar ligament
-annular ligament
-radial ligament

Front 77

supinators

Back 77

palm UP

Front 78

pronators

Back 78

palm DOWN

Front 79

Lateral Epicondylitis

Back 79

"Tennis Elbow"

Front 80

Medial Epicondylitis

Back 80

"Little League Elbow"

Front 81

Ganglion Cyst

Back 81

forms a bubble filled with fluid (YUCK!)

Front 82

Subungual Hematoma

Back 82

bruising under the nail

Front 83

Boxer's Fx

Back 83

from punching someone or something

Front 84

Mallet Finger

Back 84

at the DIP joint
blow to the end of the finger that injures the extensor tendon

Front 85

Jersey Finger

Back 85

at PIP joint
rupture of the extensor tendon

Front 86

Boutonniere Deformity

Back 86

caused by a rupture of the extensor tendon over the middle phalanx

Front 87

UCL Ligament Sprain

Back 87

also called Gamekeeper or Skier's Thumb
sprain of the ulnar collateral ligament of the MCP joint caused by forced abduction

Front 88

Olecranon Bursitis

Back 88

TX:
-ice and compression
S/SX:
-swelling of the elbow

Front 89

Ulna

Back 89

smaller at wrist, wider at elbow

Front 90

Articulations of forearm

Back 90

-Superiorradioulnar joint (pronation & supination)
-middle radioulnar joint
-distal radioulnar joint (pronation & supination)

Front 91

Colles' Fx

Back 91

MOI:
-fall on outstretched hand
-hyperextension
S/SX:
-px
-swelling
-possible nerve damage

Front 92

Smith's Fx

Back 92

MOI:
-wrist is flexed
-bones move in other direction (im gonna puke)

Front 93

Carpals

Back 93

-from radial to ulnar side
Proximal Row:
-scaphoid
-lunate
-trquetal
-pisiform
Distal Row:
-trapezium
-trapezoid
-hamate

Front 94

Metacarpals

Back 94

bones between phalanges and carpals

Front 95

Phalanges

Back 95

-MCP Joint
-PIP Joint
-DIP Joint
-#1-5 (thumb to pinky)

Front 96

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Back 96

excessive flexion or extension

Front 97

Scaphoid Fx

Back 97

MOI:
fall on outstretched hand (ouch!)

Front 98

Tibia

Back 98

supports more weight

Front 99

Ankle Joint

Back 99

capable of dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, and eversion

Front 100

Eversion ankle sprain

Back 100

most common type of ankle sprain

Front 101

Strained ATF or PTF

Back 101

rolls ankle on side

Front 102

Lateral malliolus

Back 102

part of fibula

Front 103

Medial malliolus

Back 103

part of tibia

Front 104

Excessive dorsiflexion

Back 104

can cause an achilles tendon sprain

Front 105

Talor Test

Back 105

move foot in dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

Front 106

Deltoid

Back 106

ligaments found of lateral side of ankle

Front 107

Jones Fx

Back 107

base of 5th

Front 108

MTSS

Back 108

shin splints

Front 109

Fibula

Back 109

only 10% weight bearing

Front 110

Plantar Flexors

Back 110

gastrochemius
soleus

Front 111

Dorsi Flexors

Back 111

tibialis anterior

Front 112

Eversion

Back 112

peroneal tertius
longus
brevis

Front 113

Inversion

Back 113

tibialis posterior

Front 114

Toe Extensors

Back 114

extensor hallicus
digitorum longus

Front 115

Anterior Compartment

Back 115

responsible for dorsiflexion

Front 116

Anterior Drawer Test
&
Lachman Test

Back 116

ACL

Front 117

Posterior Drawer Test
&
Sag Sign

Back 117

PCL

Front 118

McMurray's Test
&
Apley's Compression Test

Back 118

Meniscus

Front 119

Apprehension Test

Back 119

Patella

Front 120

Speed's Test

Back 120

Biceps Tendon

Front 121

Empty Can Test
&
Drop Arm Test

Back 121

Rotator Cuff

Front 122

Hawkins Test

Back 122

Impingement