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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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who was Jack Johnson?
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heavy weight champ 1908, defeated tom burns
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Jackie Robinson broke the so-called color barrier in professional baseball in 1947. After that, what happened to racial discrimination in sport?
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it lowered and more black athletes competed
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which sport is more over represented proportionally by black players, at least at the professional level?
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Track and Field -> distance
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Speedie, an 8th grader going out for the track team for the first time, has opted to run distance. His rationale for is based on a belief that he cannot compete with the black runners in sprints. In the view of Harry Edwards, what can be said about speedie?
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He thinks blacks are better sprinters than he is, so he'll run distance.
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Hispanic account for _______% of the roster of major league baseball players in the late 1990s
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16
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With respect to major league baseball, what can be said about the Dominican Republic, a small island country with a population around 8million
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they account for 12% of the major league and 49% of the minor
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What can be said about the analyses of how ethnic minorities are portrayed in internationally televised athletic events
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Hispanics are generally portrayed positively
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What can be said about asain baseball players from countries such as korea and japan?
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they are generally good and play at levels above their age
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What do prominent athletes Billy Bean in baseball, umpire Dave Pallone, and basketball star Sheryl Swoopes have in common?
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theyre all gay
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What can be said about the Gay Games?
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theyre a cultured event for gay athletes to compete at a high level
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what was the view of a sample of college students concerning Scuba diving?
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2nd to last on the scale of most dangerous (aka not very dangerous)
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Joey has made 250 parachute jumps. what are the chances that he will die in his sport?
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(1death per 65000jumps) * 250 = .38% chance
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what can be said about rock climbers?
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often loners, work in teams, predominately anglo, usually professionals in their sport
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Adam is a first born child. with regard to data on risk sport participants, what would we predict?
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he is less likely to play a high risk sport
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As opposed to the notion that the human organism is a tension reducer by nature, Zuckerman suggests the idea of ________ as more characteristic.
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???
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With respect to elite athletes, what can be said about self-confidence and concentration?
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they are big factors in determining success
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with respect to elite athletes, what can be said in regard to dreams?
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???
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It has been noted that Don Kellner holds the world record for most parachute jumps. His record number of jumps is what?
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currently 40,005
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it has been said, "for the fitness obsessed, it is the ultimate leap beyond the NY marathon; for corporate Napoleons in search of new worlds to conquer, it is the ultimate hostile takeover." This statement from the book was made in reference to what?
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climbing mt Everest.
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physcially rockclimbers are what?
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leaps above marathon runners
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when considering the various psychological variables of disabled athletes, what categories of disabled athletes are included?
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Confined to a wheelchair, deaf, blind, missing a limb, only one set of organs, may have behavioral, emotional and psychological disorders that substantially limit a major life activity (definition by NCAA)
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DSO refers to what?
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National Disabled Sports Organization
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The 2004 paralympic games were held in athens, greece. how man different sports were played?
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20
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what is the ultimate competition for hearing impaired or deaf athletes today?
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???
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chad is a super basketball player who plays on an NBA team. of all the possible injuries, it is most likely that chad has sustained what?
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ankle injury
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in the NBA, what is the most frequent injury?
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ankle
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One researcher identified at least 35 studies of the life stress and athletic injury relationship. what was concluded after an analysis of these studies?
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30 of them found at least some evidence of a positive relationship between variables
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which sport-related pain scale did meyers and his colleagues develop?
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Sports Inventory for Pain (SIP)
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Earl campbell, harry carson, and joe jacoby are all examples of professional football players who are quite disabled as a result of their sport. what can be said about these three?
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That football is a very deteriorating sport on your body. All three athletes have life-long injuries they need to deal with now as a result of long NFL career
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ex-NFL lineman dave pear takes 3 dozen pills a day to control pains, tremors, and speech difficulties. of his plight, what does pear have to say?
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"The NFL destroys families. I wish I had never played” (Cole, 2007)
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perhaps an optimal approach to youth sport would place more emphasis on what kind of orientation and less on what kind of approach?
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More emphasis on fun, and less on competing to win
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Joe is taunter, rubs it in, talks trash and is an all around cock-guzzler. he probably endorses which type of orientation to competition?
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Dehumanization of opponent
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What can be said about high competitive trait anxious youth?
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It increases with age and it is higher in females than in males
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What can be said about children raised in homes with substantial parental inconsistencies in the usage of reward and punishment?
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Children show a tendency to behave erratically because they are not sure what rules they should be following
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what is 'silent sunday'?
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Some soccer leagues designate one day as “Silent Sunday.” Spectators are not allowed to cheer or even talk until the game is over
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It is not unusual that parents evaluate the athletic talent of their children at a point that may be somewhat beyond reality, leading to a description of these children as what?
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Expectancy of negative evaluation
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Kenny is a little league pitcher who threw 167 pitches at a recent game. what can be said about his experience?
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Throwing that many pitches at such a young age is going to cause health concerns down the road
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Istvan Balyi has created an approach to youth sport known as what?
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Long Term Athletic Development (LTAD)
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the 'three lies of masculinity', according to joe ehrmann, are what?
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Great athletic ability, sexual conquest, and monetary success
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"those who know how to win are much more numerous than those know how to make a proper use of their victories" this quote is attributed to who?
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Polybuis, Roman Historian, circa 205-123 BC
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who contends that biological variables like body composition interact with personality variables such as motivation to produce an index of exercise compliance?
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Psychobiological theory: Biological factors, such as body composition, interact with psychological variables, such as motivation, to produce an index of exercise compliance
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The constitutional theory of william sheldon suggests that people may be broadly categorized as ectomorphic, mesomorphic, or endomorphic in term of body type. collectively, what are these three components called?
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Somatotypes, stereotypes
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what characterizes so-called 'shot-gun' research?
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“The investigators grabbed the nearest and most convenient personality test, and the closest sports group, and with little or no theoretical basis for their selection fired into the air to see what they could bring down”
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Jonas, a researcher, has been criticized for failure to operationalize. what has jonas done wrong?
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Inconsistent terms are defined. Need of careful definitions (conceptual problem)
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what can tests measure?
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Individual differences based on sample behavior, characteristics pertaining to behavior
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What does empirical validity refer to?
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Data based determination of validity: content, construct
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spit-half, kuder-richardson, and coefficient alpha are mechanisms for determining what about a test?
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Internal properties/reliability
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when a subject chooses to answer a psychological test with a conservative response style, the results will be what?
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Inconclusive or useless
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what are the "big five" personality traits?
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Extroversion, agreeableness, openness to exposure
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the personality 'big five' are derived from what?
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Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, conscientiousness and openness to experience
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what statistical method was used to develop the 16PF?
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factor analysis
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Let's say that you as the team sport psychologist are charged with the responsibility of screening your athletes for signs or pathological or abnormal traits. most likely, what would you used to do this?
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???
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what can be concluded about the various short forms of the profile of mood of states?
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They have no loss of soundness (psychometric)
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How does the grove and prapacessis short form of the profile of mood states differ from both the long form and the various short forms
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Added five new items to assess self esteem
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The psychological skills inventory for sports measures such things as what?
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Concentration, anxiety, management, self-confidence, mental preparation, team emphasis
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When is the use of dissociative strategies in distance running more likely to take place?
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training
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You are in need of a good psychological test to measure a variety of traits. A significant source of information is found where?
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Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
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what was the result of the elite distance runner project conducted a the olympic training center in colorado spings?
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Scored high on psychic vigor. All possessed an “Iceberg Profile”: Configuration of scores derived from Profile of Mood States, researched to determine successfulness of athletes in terms of transient personality states
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What is one of the virtues of the psychological skills inventory for sports?
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The Confidence and Motivation scales demonstrated acceptable internal consistency
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the profile of mood states scale has been very popular in sports and exercise. what can be concluded about its use outside those contexts?
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Widely applicable in medicine and psychology as well
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The world anti-doping agency conducted almost 200k tests during 2005. what can be said about the results of those tests?
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3909 were deemed adverse findings
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when we speak of anabolic-androgenic steroids, we are talking of around how many synthetic compinds that are derivatives of testosterone?
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100
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Andre, a world class cyclist died suddenly at the apparent peak of his health. upon autopsy it shows his blood was unusually thick. most likely, his death is attributed to what?
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EFO-doping
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The world anti-doping angency has sophisticated equiptment that is so precise it can detect a droplet of banned substance in a swimming pool. what can be said about this?
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Its True
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Athletes go to absurd lenghts to beat the testing procedures for banned substances and procedures. one such practice with almost comical elements is what?
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Blaming your positive results on something else
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charlesa is a world-class competitor and she engages in some illegal performance-enhancing chicanery using a beta-blocker. most likely, she is a what?
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Musician. (beta blockers block adrenalin)
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Frenetic Freddy is a good athlete and an even better musician. freddy has been known to take drugs to help him with "stage-fright". in both athletics and music. what drug is he likely taking?
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beta-blocker
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Creatine is a new drug that athletes have ostensibly to enhance performace. what can be said about this statement?
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Its true
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what can be said about creatine?
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its not bannded
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what is widely known throughout the world as 'Athletics' is what we in the US call what?
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Olympics
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the competition held for woman in ancient greece was known as what?
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Heraean Games
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Title IX legislation opened the doors for full-scale participation in athletics. what year was it enacted?
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1972
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What can be said about the effect of title IX on the sport of wrestling?
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it is easier to cut a wrestling team than a football team, budget wise
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Landmark studies of menstrual functioning and physical activity were conducted why whom?
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Mabel Lee
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Frisch has been the leading proponent of what?
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percentage of body fat
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In of eating disorders, there are some who suggest that wrestlers are what?
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anorexic
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One researcher studied knowledge of what coaches know about eating disorders. what did the researchers discover?
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athletes need to remind themselves about eating disorders
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The emergence of the then-East german female swimmers in the 1976 olympics (they won 20 out of 28 golds) did what?
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Raised awareness of banned substances
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why were the 1968 olympic games significant
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the protesters of the game were massacred by the Mexican army
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With regard to sport participation by females, what is the influence by fathers?
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they are very influential figures to their sport
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Marlene, a 10-year-old aspiring gymnast, is quite serious about her sport. most likely, the primary agent of sport socialization in her case would be what?
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her family
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what can be said about psychological androgyny?
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its a mixture of the best of both genders
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Jane is being a leader, engaging in dominance and assertive behaviors as point guard on her basketball team. In sex role orientation terminology, she is engaged in what?
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instrumental behaviors
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what can be said about the media and women in sport?
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the media favors men, while being sexist to women
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what can be said with regard to media coverage allotted to females in the 2000 Sydney Olympic games?
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29% of the articles and 38% of the photos were of women
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What can be said about anorexia and athletes?
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many athletes become anorexic to succeed
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what can be said about cheerleaders?
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many say cheerleaders are not athletes.
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Contemporary organizations with a christian theme such as athletes in action and fellowship of the christian athletes are outgrowths of which movement of the early 1900s
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muscular christianty
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who was the organizer of the little league baseball program?
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carl stotz
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what organization created the original youth fitness test used to assess children?
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(AAHPERD) american alliance for health physical education recreation and dance
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what sport can be said with regard to numbers of youth taking part in interscholastic sports?
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7 million young players take part
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what did Mcelroy and Kirkendall(1980) find concerning the major motive for sport participation voiced by over 2000 youths?
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to play as well as you can
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what can be said about trophies and newspaper citations?
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they are extrinsic rewards for most younf athletes
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what is/are the secondary reason(s) for withdrawal for youth sport?
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too much pressure from parents and peers, not playing enough, over emphasis on winning
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what is/are the primary reasons for dropping out of youth sport participation?
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not having fun, concerns about coaching
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based on data from the athletic footwear association, what is it safe to say about the importance of winning?
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winning isnt everything
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what percentage of youth sports fit into the competence-oriented category of the AFA formulation?
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???
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