Sport Psych Midterm-Part I

Front 1

Team-shared experiences, desire for team success

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Cohesion-performance relationship

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Task cohesion

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With what type of sports is the cohesion-performance correlation the strongest?

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What are the two leadership styles?

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Task: Structure, organization

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What are two leader governing strategies?

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Why don't athletes use Psychological Skills Training (PST)?

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C. Lack of time

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Hint 10

Which psychological skills do the most successful elite athletes have?

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According to Weinberg and Comar, was PST effective?

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Phases of PST

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C. Practice-automate skills through overlearning, integrating mental skills into performance, simulating skills

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anxiety- two types, techniques to reduce

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-Use techniques that are specific to each type, some techniques are multi-modal

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Hint 16

Somatic anxiety reduction technique: Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR)

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-Use instructional cues, like "relax", "calm"

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somatic anxiety reduction technique-Breath control

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-Use of diaphragmatic breathing

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somatic anxiety reduction technique-biofeedback

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-Goal is to gain control of physiological or autonomic functions

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cognitive anxiety reduction-relaxation response/mindfullness meditation

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-Allowing thoughts or images but not attending to them

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cognitive anxiety reduction-autogenic training

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-Heaviness in extremities, warmth in extremities

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multimodal anxiety reduction: Stress Management Training (SMT)

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4. Skill rehearsal

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multimodal anxiety reduction: Stress Innoculation Training (SIT)

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Matching hypothesis

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Benefits of high self-confidence

Front 31

3. Affects game strategy-willing to take risks

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Which levels of confidence are optimal?

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What does lack of confidence lead to?

Front 34

Leads to increased anxiety, indecisiveness, distraction

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What does overconfidence lead to?

Front 36

Generally less of a problem than underconfidence.

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Hint 37

What happened with the expectations and performance study?

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coaches expectations study

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4. Coach's expectations are confirmed.

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Self-efficacy

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Self-efficacy study

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3. S-E affects goal setting, with high S-E related to setting more challenging goals

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Hint 43

3 types of goals

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Task/process goals: the actions of a person to successfully execute or perform

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Hint 45

2 views on how goal-setting works

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outcome goals increase anxiety/decrease confidence, while process goals decrease anxiety/ increase confidence

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Common problems in goal setting

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3. Too many goals too soon

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Types of attentional focus

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Direction: External vs. Internal

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Ex. of broad external focus

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Ex. of broad internal focus

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Ex. of narrow external focus

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Ex. of narrow internal focus