Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Back-channeling |
A feature of speaker's support -- non verbal utterances to show speaker's agreement/attention hmmm, yeah, OK, *nodding* |
|
|
Discourse marker |
Signals a shift in conversation and topic area. Can also announce counterargument ok, right then, so, but |
|
|
Fillers |
Non-verbal sounds that can act as pauses in speech, either naturally or to give a speaker thinking time. May signify speaker's uncertainty er, umm |
|
|
Hedging |
A strategy used to avoid directness or to minimize a potentially face-threatening act, also commonly undertaken using a range of modal forms kind of, sort of, maybe, perhaps; modal verbs such as will, could, might |
|
|
False starts/repairs |
When a speaker begins to speak, pauses, then recommences it began... er... Arsenal kicked off the second half... |
|
|
Skip connectors |
A return to a previous topic of conversation; essentially a type of discourse marker anyway, coming back to our topic |
|
|
Fixed expressions |
A conventional and routine expression in colloquial communication, sometimes metaphorical basically, at the end of the day, as a matter of fact |
|
|
Vague expressions |
Very similar to hedging; deliberately non-committal responses/expressions in formal contexts anything, something, things, stuff |
|
|
Ellipsis |
Omission of words for economical purposes, as appropriate to informal contexts or to avoid awkward repetition just seen Jack, yeah tonight at 8:00pm |
|
|
Tag questions |
Consist of an auxiliary verb, a negating particle and a pronoun; can be a sign of speaker's support, uncertainty or a request for clarification You did really well, didn't you?; It is happening tomorrow, isn't it?; I've missed that train, haven't I? |
|
|
Deixis |
Words that point in a perceptual, temporal, or spacial dimension. Deictic referencing is common in spoken discourse I, you, me, they, now, yesterday, today, here, there, this, that, these, those |
|
|
Non-fluency features |
Non-verbal occurrences that occur in spontaneous speech pauses, hesitation, repetition |
