Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the 3 major genre of spirochetes?
|
1. Treponema
2. Borrelia 3. Leptospira |
|
|
What treponema causes syphilis?
|
Treponema pallidum pallidum
|
|
|
What treponema causes bejel?
|
Treponema pallidum endemicum
|
|
|
What treponema causes yaws?
|
Treponema pallidum pertenue
|
|
|
What treponema causes pinta?
|
Treponema carateum
|
|
|
Treponema: Which species does this infect?
|
humans only
|
|
|
Treponema: How do they handle O2?
|
microaerophilic
|
|
|
Treponema: Can you see with Gram stains?
|
No
|
|
|
Treponema: 3 VFs
|
1. Outer membrane protein
2. Hyalurnidase 3. Fibronectin 4. Lipoproteins |
|
|
Treponema: Which VF allows adherence to the outer cell membrane?
|
outer membrane proteins
|
|
|
Treponema: Which VF facilitates perivascular invasion?
|
hyaluronidase
|
|
|
Treponema: Which VF helps protect against phagocytosis?
|
Fibronectin
|
|
|
Treponema: Can these bugs survive in the phagocyte?
|
yes
|
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: Low levels of protein in the outer membrane make this bug?
|
antigenically inert
|
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: Are there animal reservoirs?
|
no
|
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: 2 ways this bug spreads?
|
1. sexual contact
2. congenitally |
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: What is the major disease this bug causes?
|
syphilis
|
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: How is HIV related to syphilis
|
Syphilitic genital lesions transmit HIV easily
|
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: Initial clinical symptoms
|
2-10 weeks
- skin, mucous membranes - infection multplies at the contact site |
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: Primary syphilis
|
1-3 months
- chancre at infection site - enlarged LN - proliferation in LN |
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: Secondary syphilis
|
2-6 weeks
- skin and mucous membrane lesions - rash - flu symptoms - infects joints, LN - |
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: Latent syphilis is during what time frame?
|
3-30 years
|
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: Tertiaty syphilis symptomes
|
CNS - dementia
Cardio - aortic lesion, heart fail Dissemination, gummas, chronic inflammation |
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: Congenital syphilis symptoms
|
- mulitorgan malformation
- latent infection = rash, rhinitis - late infection = bone, cardio infection |
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: microscopy
|
dark field or fluorescence
|
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: Dx
|
FTA-ABS
MHA-TP |
|
|
T. pallidum pallidum: 4 Txs
|
pen, tet, erythro, chloramphenicol
|
|
|
Treponema pallidum endemicum causes what disease?
|
bejel - endemic syphilis
|
|
|
Treponema pallidum pertenue causes what disease?
|
yaws - papillomatous skin lesions
|
|
|
Treponema carateum causes what disease?
|
pinta - pruritic papules on skin surface
|
|
|
What are the two main type of Borrelia?
|
1. Borelia recurrentis
2. Borelia burgdorferi |
|
|
B. recurrentis: How is this transmitted to humans in epidemics?
|
human body louse
|
|
|
B. recurrentis: What particular circumstances can lead to epidemic infection?
|
war, overcrowding
|
|
|
B. recurrentis: How is this transmitted to humans in endemics?
|
soft shell tick, rodents, small mammals
|
|
|
B. recurrentis: What forms of antigenic variation does this bug undergo?
|
- interplasmidic
- intraplasmidic - hypermutation |
|
|
B. recurrentis: Clinical syndrome
|
- relapsing fever that is worst at onset
|
|
|
B. recurrentis: What stain can be used to see this bug?
|
Giemsa stain
|
|
|
B. recurrentis: 2 Txs
|
tet, erythro,
|
|
|
B. recurrentis: What happens wehn all these bugs are killed quickly by Abx?
|
Jarish-Herxheimer rxn
|
|
|
Leptospira interrogans: What is another name for Leptospirosis
|
Weil's disease
|
|
|
L. interrogans: What stain can you see these with.
|
Silver stain
|
|
|
L. interrogans: Who gets infected?
|
1. People working with animals
2. Swimming in inland waterways 3. urban youth - rats |
|
|
L. interrogans: how do they get into the host?
|
cuts, abrasions on mucous membrane
|
|
|
L. interrogans: What are the 2 types of disease?
|
1. Anaicteric
2. Icteric |
|
|
Describe the 2 stages of anaicteric leptospirosis
|
Stage 1: (3-7 days), Septicemia
Stage 2: (0-1 days) Immune (meningitis) |
|
|
Describe the 2 stages of icteric leptospirosis
|
Stage 1: (3-7 days), renal fail, jaundice, hemorrhage
Stage 2: (10-30 days) Immune (meningitis) |
|
|
What percent of leptospirosis is Weil's disease? What is the mortality?
|
10%; 10%
|
|
|
What 3 things determine if the infection becomes Weil's disease?
|
1. number of organisms
2. host defense 3. virulence of strain |
|
|
L. interrogans: Dx
|
- serology
|
|
|
L. interrogans: Prevention
|
- vaccination of livestock
- rodent control |
|
|
L. interrogans: Tx for mild cases
|
ampicillin, doxy
|
|
|
L. interrogans: Tx for severe cases
|
IV pen or amp
|
|
|
What are the 3 most important types of Chlamydia?
|
1. C. trochomatis
2. C. pneumoniae 3. C. psittaci |
|
|
Can Chlamydia live outside the cell?
|
No
|
|
|
stay inside when it's Really Cold
|
Rickettsiae, Chlamydia
|
|
|
Why can't Chlamydia live outside the cell?
|
lack ATP production and peptidoglycan
|
|
|
Chlamydia tracomatis: Causes what disease?
|
trachoma - leading cause of blindness
|
|
|
Trachoma is bad in what countries?
|
Middle east, North Africa, India
|
|
|
Trachoma affects what age group?
|
kids
|
|
|
Chlamydia tracomatis: Clinical symptoms other than trachoma?
|
- adult inclusion conjunctivitis
- neonatal conjunctivitis - infant pneumonia - ocular lymphogranuloma venereum - urogenital infection |
|
|
Chlamydia tracomatis: Dx
|
culture, IFA, ELISA
|
|
|
Chlamydia tracomatis: 2 Txs
|
doxy, erythro
|
|
|
Chlamydia pneumonia: How is it spread?
|
person-to-person by inhalation
|
|
|
C. pneumonia: Are there animal reservoirs?
|
no
|
|
|
C. pneumonia: What are the major clinical syndromes?
|
bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, atherosclerosis
|
|
|
C. pneumonia: 2 Txs
|
tet, erythro
|
|
|
C. psittaci: How does it get into the body?
|
through the respiratory tract
|
|
|
C. psittaci: In which cells does it take up residence?
|
RE cells of the liver and spleen
|
|
|
C. psittaci: Does it spread lymphatogenously or hematogenously?
|
hematogenously
|
|
|
C. psittaci: What are the major clinical symptoms?
|
headache, high fever, chills
|
|
|
C. psittaci: How serious is the headache?
|
can lead to death
|
|
|
C. psittaci: 2 Tx
|
same as other Chlamydias, tet and erythro
|
