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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Lyme Disease (Bug)
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Organism: Borrelia burgdorferi [Spiral morphology, large, gram(-); motile (endoflagella); zoonotic pathogens, hard to isolate in culture, complex nutritional needs, slow growth]
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Lyme Disease (Reservoir, Vector, Transmission)
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Reservoir: Wild rodents
Vector: Black legged tick (Ixodes) Transmission: Tick bite |
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Lyme Disease (Virulence Factors and Pathogenesis)
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Antigenic variation - escape immune clearance; autoimmune activities of anti-Osp; Osp (Outer Surface Protein); LPS; autoimmune response
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Lyme Disease (Clinical, Diagnosis, Treatment)
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Clinical Features: Stage1 (localized infect.): erythema migrans (bull's eye appearance) + flu-like symptoms; Stage2 (disseminated infect.): cardiac and neurologic (nerve palsies) abnormalities; Stage3 (persistent infection): fluctuating arthritis.
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Diagnosis: Clinical + CDC:ELISA or IFA then Western blot, culture - not recommended
Treatment: Doxycycline, or amoxicillin |
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Epidemic Relapsing Fever (Bug)
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Organism: Borrelia recurrentis [Spiral morphology, large, gram(-); motile (endoflagella); zoonotic pathogens, hard to isolate in culture, complex nutritional needs, slow growth]
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Epidemic Relapsing Fever (Reservoir, Vector, Transmission)
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Reservoir: Humans
Vector: Human body louse Transmission: Louse bite |
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Epidemic Relapsing Fever (Virulence Factors and Pathogenesis)
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Antigenic variation - escape immune clearance; autoimmune activities of anti-Osp; Endotoxin (febrile illness); Recurrent episodes of fever + septicemia separated by afebrile periods; new set of surface antigens at each relapse
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pidemic Relapsing Fever (Clinical, Diagnosis, Treatment)
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Clinical Features: High fever, headache, muscle pain, weakness. 2-4 days between relapses; 2-3 relapse cycles
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Diagnosis: Microscopy (during febrile period) Giemsa or Wright staining; Serologic tests unhelpful (because of antigenic variation)
Treatment: Doxycycline or erythromycin |
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Endemic Relapsing Fever [Other] (Bug)
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Organism: Other Borrelia spp. [Spiral morphology, large, gram(-); motile (endoflagella); zoonotic pathogens, hard to isolate in culture, complex nutritional needs, slow growth]
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Endemic Relapsing Fever [Other] (Reservoir, Vector, Transmission)
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Reservoir:Rodents and other small animals
Vector: Tick Transmission: Tick bite |
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Endemic Relapsing Fever [Other] (Virulence Factors and Pathogenesis)
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Antigenic variation - escape immune clearance; autoimmune activities of anti-Osp; Endotoxin (febrile illness); Recurrent episodes of fever + septicemia separated by afebrile periods; new set of surface antigens at each relapse
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Endemic Relapsing Fever [Other] (Clinical, Diagnosis, Treatment)
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Clinical Features: High fever, headache, muscle pain, weakness. 2-4 days between relapses; 2-3 relapse cycles
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Diagnosis: Microscopy (during febrile period) Giemsa or Wright staining; Serologic tests unhelpful (because of antigenic variation)
Treatment: Doxycycline or erythromycin |
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Leptospirosis (Bug)
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Organism: Leptospira interrogans [Spiral morphology; motile; slow growth; gram(-) but not seen on gram stain; zoonotic pathogen, tight terminal hooks]
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Leptospirosis (Reservoir, Vector, Transmission)
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Reservoir: Dogs, livestock, rats, wild animals (clonize renal tubules)
Vector: Shed in urine of infected animals Transmission: Direct contact with urine, blood or tissues of infected animals; Contact with contaminated water |
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Leptospirosis (Virulence Factors and Pathogenesis)
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Multiply in blood and tissues; damage endothelium of small blood vessels; no virulent factors known
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Leptospirosis (Clinical, Diagnosis, Treatment)
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Clinical Features: Both febrile: Septicemic phase: flu-like symptoms; Immune phase: anicteric form (possible meningitis), icteric form or Weil's disease (jaundice, renal failure, subconjunctival hemorrhage)
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Diagnosis: Culture: from blood, CSF (septicemic phase), urine (immune phase); slow growth, special media. Serologic tests: agglutination test
Treatment: Penicillin or Doxycycline |
