Spine

Front 1

What are the vertebrae of the spine?

Back 1

• 7 Cervical vertebrae in neck
  

• 12 Thoracic vertebrae in mid back
  

• 5 Lumbar vertebrae in low back

Front 2

Purpose of spine bones

Back 2

• Links upper and lower extremities
  

• Enables trunk motion in 3 planes

• Protects spinal cord
  

• Protects internal organs of chest

Front 3

C1

Back 3

Articulates with occipital bone of skull

Front 4

L5

Back 4

Articulates with sacrum

Front 5

Does the size of vertebrae increase from cervical to lumbar?

Back 5

Yes

Front 6

Does each vertebrae contain anterior and posterior elements?

Back 6

Yes

Front 7

Vertebral Body

Back 7

• Anterior
  

• Oval with flat and inferior surfaces
  

• Articulation with adjacent vertebral bodies
  

• Facets on each side, top and bottom

Front 8

Pedicles and lamina

Back 8

Join anteriorly at body and posteriorly at the spinous process to form the vertebral foramen

Front 9

Vertebral foramen

Back 9

Space for spinal chord

Front 10

Spinous and transverse processes

Back 10

Bony protuberances

Front 11

Where do ribs attach?

Back 11

• Each of the 12 thoracic vertebrae

• They form the thoracic cage

Front 12

True ribs

Back 12

• 7 most superior ribs
  

• Attach directly to sternum

Front 13

False ribs

Back 13

• 5 Lower ribs
  

• 3 pairs attach indirectly to sternum by costal cartilage
  

• 2 most inferior ribs don't attach to sternum

Front 14

Floating ribs

Back 14

2 most inferior pairs of false ribs that don't attach to sternum

Front 15

Sacrum and coccyx

Back 15

• Situated at the lower spine
  
• Immediately inferior to 5th lumbar vertebrae

Front 16

Sacrum

Back 16

Large triangular bone

Front 17

Coccyx

Back 17

Bone formed of 3-5 fused vertebrae

Front 18

Lordosis

Back 18

• Convexity of curve is anterior (Pelvic tilt)
  

• Cervical curve
  

• Lumbar curve

Front 19

Kyphosis

Back 19

• Convexity of curve is posterior (Hunchback)
  

• Thoracic curve
  

• Sacral curve