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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ascending Tracts
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Afferent Nerves - carry sensory impulses to brain
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Lateral spinothalamic tracts:
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crude touch, pain, and temperature
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Anterior spinothalamic tracts:
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crude touch and pressure
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Fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus tracts:
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discriminating touch and conscious sensation of position and movement of body parts (kinesthesia)
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Spinotectal tracts:
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touch that triggers visual reflexes
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Spinocerebellar tracts:
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subconscious kinesthesia
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Lateral corticospinal tracts:
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contraction of individual or small groups of muscles, particularly those moving hands, fingers, feet, and toes on opposite side of body
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Anterior corticospinal tracts:
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contraction of individual or small groups of muscles, particularly those moving hands, fingers, feet, and toes on same side of body
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Reticulospinal tracts:
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help maintain posture during skeletal muscle movements
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Tectospinal tracts:
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head and neck movement related to visual reflexes
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Vestibulospinal tracts:
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coordination of posture and balance
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CN I
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Olfactory
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CN II
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Optic: Vision, visual fields, and fundi: Afferent limb of pupillary response
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CN III, IV, VI
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Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens: pupillary response, ptosis, volitional eye movements
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CN V
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Trigeminal: Corneal reflex, facial sensation; masseter and temporalis muscle strength
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CN VII
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Facial: Raise eyebrows, close eyes tight, show teeth, smile, or whistle
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CNVIII
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Acoustic: Hearing test with a watch tick or finger rub Weber–Rinne. (Air conduction lasts longer than bone conduction in a healthy person.)
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CN IX, X
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Glossopharyngeal and vagus: Gag reflex, speech quality and the palate should move upward in midline
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CN XI
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Spinal accessory: Shoulder shrug and push head against resistance
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CN XII
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Hypoglossal: Tongue movement. Test strength by having the patient press tongue against the buccal mucosa on each side while you press a finger against the patient's cheek and observe the tongue for fasciculations.
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Stereognosis
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describing object in hand
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Graphestesia
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Sense a # being drawn on hand
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Extinction
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Can't feel same side as brain lesion
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Reflex C5-C6
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Biceps
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Reflex C7-C8
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Triceps
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Upper abdominal reflex
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T8-T10
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Lower Abd rflx
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T10 -12
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Achilles
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S1-2
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Hoffman sign
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other fingers move when one is flicked (pathological)
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What is the drug that reduces ICP?
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Mannitol
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Myxedma madness
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Hypothyroidism
Treatment: Levothyroxine |
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hyperthyroidism aka?
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Thyrotoxic crisis
Trtmnt: propanolol and thiouracil |
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How do you treat Delirium Tremens?
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Diazapam 10-20mg
Atenolol 50-100mg |
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What is the classic triad for Wernickes Encephalopathy?
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Opthalmoplegia, Ataxia, and Confusion.
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What will you see in the different forms of Dimentia?
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Alziemers - neurofibillary tangles and amyloid deposits
Lewy Bodies - Eosinophilic neuronal inclusions Frontotemporal dementia - Pick inclusion bodies |
