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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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location of the spinal cord
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in the vertebral canal
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protection for the spinal cord
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-meninges
-cerebrospinal fluid -vertebrae |
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length of spinal cord
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-shorter than vertebral column
-extends from rim of foramen magnum to level of 1st-2nd lumbar vertebra -extension of medulla oblongata |
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cauda equina
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nerves in vertebral canal
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enlargments of the spine
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cervical
lumbar |
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lumbar enlargement of the spine
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conus medularis-tapering, posterior tip
filum terminale- meningeal derivative of nonnervous CT, mostly pia mater, extends to coccyx |
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spinal tap
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1. withrawl fluid for diagnositc reasons
2. introduce antibiotics or anestesia |
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cross section of spinal cord
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-meninges
-central canal -grey matter (like butterfly or H) -white matter |
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location of spinal tracts in white matter of cross section
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1. ascending (sensory) tracts carry impulses to the brain- sensory axons
2. descending (motor) tracts carry impulses from the brain-motor axons |
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pairs of spinal nerves
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31:
8 cervical pairs 12 thoracic pairs 5 lumbar pairs 5 sacral pairs 1 coccygeal pair |
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roots of spinal nerves
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dorsal (posterior)root with cell bodies of sensory neurons and sensory processes
ventral (anterior) root- contains motor axons |
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coverings of a spinal nerve
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-epineurium- covers entire nerve
-perineurium- covers fascicles of fibres -endoneurium- covers individual fibers |
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Rami
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dorsal- small, innervate muscles and skin of dorsal surface of back
ventral- (large) innervate all structures of extremities, lateral and ventral trunk and form plexuses, and networks of nerves. |
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plexuses
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cervical
brachial lumbar sacral coccygeal |
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cervical plexus
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supplies motor fibers to diaphram (contractions essential for breathing)
-paralysis of diaphragm and death ex: phrenic nerve |
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sympathetic division of ANS
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(thoracolumbar)
-cell bodies of 1st motor neurons lie in thoracic and lumbar portions of gray matter -preganglionic axons exit spinal cord (short) -postganglionic neurons have long axons which innervate organs and glands |
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parasympathetic division of of ANS
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long pre-short post axons
cell bodies of 1st motor neurons located in brain and sacral region of spinal cord associated w/ conservation of energy and tranquil functions can't live w/out it |
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fight or flight response
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something we can live without
part of the sympathetic division of ANS |
