Spinal Biomechanics

Front 1

Used to describe the superior surface of the vertebral body. Refers to the cartilaginous end plate covering the top surface of the vertebral body except over the superior ring epiphysis.

Back 1

Superior vertebral end plate

Front 2

Elevated rimof bone around the circumference of the superior vertebral end plate. Secondary ossification center.

Back 2

Superior ring epiphysis/apophysis

Front 3

Describes the the inferior surface of the vertebral body. Refers to the cartilaginous endplate covering the bottom surface of the vertebral body except over the inferior ring apophysis.

Back 3

Inferior vertebral endplate

Front 4

Elevated rim of bone around the circumference of the inferior vertebral endplate.Secondary ossification center.

Back 4

Inferior ring epiphysis/apophysis

Front 5

One or two openings on the posterior surface of the vertebral body that drain blood from the vertebral body into the anterior internal venous plexus.

Back 5

Foramen for basivertebral vein

Front 6

What type of cartilage forms the IVD?

Back 6

Hyaline and Fibrocartilage

Front 7

How many IVDs are there?

Back 7

23

Front 8

What is the outer component of the IVD?

Back 8

Annulus fibrosus

Front 9

What is the inner portion of the IVD?

Back 9

Nucleus Pulposus

Front 10

What makes up the vertebral arch?

Back 10

two Pedicles and two lamina

Front 11

Short, stout column from upper lateral -dorsal aspect of body

Back 11

pedicle

Front 12

Superior surface of the pedicle: Forms the floor of the IVD

Back 12

superior vererbal notch

Front 13

Inferior surface of the perdicle: Forms the roof of the IVD

Back 13

Inferior vertebral notch

Front 14

Broad plates of bone that extend dorsally and medially from the pedicles; fuse in the midline.

Back 14

Lamina

Front 15

Formed by the posterior vertebral body, pedicles and lamina.

Back 15

Vertebral foramen

Front 16

Formed by articulated vetebrae; contains entire spinal cord, associated nerve roots, meninges, blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves and adipose tissue.

Back 16

Vertebral canal, spinal canal, or neural canal (all are used interchangably)

Front 17

Single projection of bone that projects dorsally or dorsally and caudally from lamina-lamina junction. For attachment of ligaments and muscles. (Not visible at C1)

Back 17

Spinous Process

Front 18

There are four total. Extend superior or inferior from pedicle-lamina junction.

Back 18

Articular process (apophyses;zygopophyses)

Front 19

Two total. Ventral (back) facing inferior articular facet

Back 19

Inferior Articular Process

Front 20

Two total. Dorsal (front) facing superior articular facet.

Back 20

Superior Articular Process

Front 21

Two total. Extend laterally from pedicle-lamina junction for the attachment of ligaments, muscles and ribs.

Back 21

Transverse Process

Front 22

Superior vertebral notch of inferior vertebrae. What part of the IVF wall does this form?

Back 22

Floor(inferior)

Front 23

Inferior vertebral notch of superior vertebrae. What part of the IVF wall does this form?

Back 23

Roof (superior)

Front 24

Bodies of superior vertebrae and inferior vertebrae and intervening disc. What part of the IVF wall does this form?

Back 24

Anterior

Front 25

Inferior and superior articular processes; associated capsule. What part of the IVF wall does this form?

Back 25

Posterior

Front 26

Costal process of transverse process are apart of which costal element?

Back 26

Cervicals

Front 27

Ribs are apart of which costal element?

Back 27

Thoracics

Front 28

Which costal element helps form transverse processes?

Back 28

Lumbars

Front 29

Which costal element forms the lateral mass?

Back 29

Sacrum