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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is spinal cord injury
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Acuired impairment of speech due to paralysis of the muscles of inspiration
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What kind of hearing impairment is deafness and what does it affect
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Congenital and affects articulation development
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What is laryngectomy
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Aquired impairment of voice
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What is Dysarthria
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Aquired impairment of articulation due to a brain stem tumor
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What is aphasia
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Aquired impairment of language due to left hemishere brain damage after stroke
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What are the 3 major domains of communication disorders
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Speech, Language and Hearing
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What does speech production require
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Respiration, phonation, and articulation
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What is the primary function of the lungs
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air exchange
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On what is speech produced
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Exhalation
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Can you speak on inhalation
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Yes, but its not efficient
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What is the primary muscle of inspiration
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The diaphragm, also rib cage assists
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Inspiration (breathing in)requires what
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muscle contraction
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What are intercostal muscles
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Muscles that connect the ribs
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What is the spirometer used for
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To record the movement of air during respiration
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What is the vital capacity of a man/woman
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male: 5 L
females: 4 L |
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If there is a paralysis of the muscles of respiration then it requires what
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a respirator to pump the lungs with air
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For the respirator, if air pressure provides the power source for speech, what provides the sound
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The larynx
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What is the primary function of the larynx
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To prevent aspiration
watchdog for the trachea guards against inhalation of food or liquid into airway |
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What creates voicing
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The vibrating vocal folds release puffs of air
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What determines the pitch of the voice
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The rate (frequency) of vocal fold vibration
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What causes changes in pitch
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Pull on the vocal folds
increase the tension faster vibration = higher pitch |
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What causes changes in loudness
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Increase the force of the air pressure
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Where does the respiration for speech occur
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In the mid range of your vital capacity
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How doe voice become speech
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* The lungs provide the air pressure/flow
*The larynx provides the voice |
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Why is the movement of the ariculators necessary
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To produce different speech sounds
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What does articulate mean
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To bring together
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How do the lips change the sound
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*Rounding
*Spreading *Stopping airflow |
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How does movement of the jaw affect sound production
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* Raise and lowers
* tongue moves with jaw |
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What is another word for the soft palate
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Velum
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What does the velum do for all oral sounds (non-nasal consonants and vowels)
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Velum raises for oral sounds
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What does the velum do for nasal sounds: m/ng/n
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Velum lowers for nasal sounds
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Where are sounds waves modidified
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By the oral and nasal cavity
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What is hypernasality and hyponasality
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*too much nasality
*lacking normal nasal resonance |
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Speech sounds involves neural messages from the brain to where
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*brain stem and cranial nerves (face & neck)
*spinal cord & spinal nerves (chest wall & hands) |
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What does neurogenic mean
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Neurologic cause
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What is the trigemenal V cranial nerve for
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Jaw movement
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What is the facial VII cranial nerve for
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Face
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What is the glasopharyngeal IX cranial nerve for
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Tongue/Pharynx
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What is the hyphoglossal XII cranial nerve for
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Tongue
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What does neurogenic mean
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Neurologic cause
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What is the trigemenal V cranial nerve for
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Jaw movement
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What is the facial VII cranial nerve for
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Face
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What is the glasopharyngeal IX cranial nerve for
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Tongue/Pharynx
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What is the hyphoglossal XII cranial nerve for
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Tongue
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What is jargon
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A string of syllables that sounds like a true sentence, but contains no real words
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What is variegated babbling
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Babbling with fewer repeated syllables
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What is canaconical babbling
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CV and CVCV utterances
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What is protowords
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Phonetically consistent utterances an infant uses to refer to a an object
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