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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The process of using measures of student performance and behavior, including tests, to make educational decisions:
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assessment
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The goal of assessment is to adapt the process to fit indiviual needs rather than ________.
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Fitting students into particular assessment procedures
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the rpocess of determining the ability or performance level of students
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measurement
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list six types of measurement
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testing
behavior observations interviews rating scales checklists clinical evaulations |
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What is the prurpose of measurement?
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to produce objective information such as numbers, scores, or other quantitative data
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What is the broadest term of comprehension?
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assessment
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_______ is less general than assessment, and it includes testing as well as many other procedures.
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measurement
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______ is the most exact term becusae it refers to a set of questions given once in a structued setting
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testing
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______ is the ability to adapt to the enviroment by devleoping independnet personal and social behavior and by adjusting to changes in the enviornment
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adaptive behavior
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Achievement focuses on _________ while adaptive behviaor concentartes on ________
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Academic Abilities
functional and practical abiliteis |
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The evaluation appraoch that measure performance based on progress in the curriculum rather than in relation to scores on morm-refreced tests. Also konwn as authenitc assessment or performance assessment
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curriculum based assessment
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refgers to retaining studnets with disbailties in the mainstream of eudcaiton reather than placing htem in serpate programs
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mainstreaming
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The puropose of the first intelligence test was to:
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identify studnets who could not benefit from educational instruction
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Which evlaution approach relies on teacher-made tests, classrok, homeowrk assitments and teacher impressions?
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curriculum based assessment
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what are the 4 steps of the assessment process?
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screening
Determining Elgibility Instructional Intervention Measuring Progress |
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What is the prupose of screening?
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to determin if a studne't gneral level of performance or beahavior falls outside average or normal range
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list some forms a screening test may take
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formal screening
checklist, scales, inventories observaions vision and hearing tests medical reports progress records intervention records educational and attendnace history |
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what is the best example of a screening program?
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child Find
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What do the best screening programs do and include?
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check all aspects of a child's grown and development and include followup services
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Why do we screen stduents (3 reasons)
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to confirm our obeservation and impressions
to docment potental problems to decide if further testing is needed |
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Why do we use assesment to determine elgibility? (4 reasons)
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to diagnose learning needs
to meet legal requirments to protect the rights of studnets and their families to determin elgibility for services |
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Why do we use assessment in the instructinoal interviention process? (4 reasons)
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to ID instructinoal needs
to estabilsh intervention priorties to develop objectives to evaluate curriculum and materials |
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Why do we assess? (3 reasons)
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to determine if change as occursed, and if so, extned of change
determine sped entittlement/elgibility obtain information to guide further instruction |
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what do we assess?
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performance or behavior that is relevant to some goal
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what are two issues with assessment?
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danger of overgeneralization and the significance of the goal
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__________- refers to dificulty that is systematically related to a non-relevant factor
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bias
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What are the three things considered for CI assessment?
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academics, assessment scores (IQ)and adaptive behaviros
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what is the deterimining factor for SLI elgibility?
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it impacts educational performance
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What is the implication for LD elgibility?
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sever discrepancy btwn ability & achievement
inadqeuate response to instruction |
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What test offers more flexibility? CRT or NRT?
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CRT
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what does a CRT meausre?
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indivudal success based on the curriculum
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what does a NRT asses?
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the results are refernced against the norm or a sample
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what is validitity?
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does the test test what it's suposted to
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what is reliability?
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there is little variablity in results
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What are the three measures of central tendncy?
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mean, median, mode
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what is the mean?
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the average
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what is the median?
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the middlemost score
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what is the mode?
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the number that appears most
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what are four measures of dispersion?
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the range, or rang
interquartile range variance standard deviation |
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what is the range or rank?
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in order from best to worst
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what is the interquartile range?
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it's the middlemost averages, from 25% to 75%
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what is standard deviation?
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it's the square root of variation
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what does SEM stand for?
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standard error of measurement
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What are 3 types of variablity?
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test retest
alternate form split half inter rater |
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what is rest re test reliatbality?
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give the test once and give it again
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what is split half reliatbility?
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even and odd questions are predicting of eachother
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what are the three types of validity?
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content
cirterian construct |
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content validity
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have you acutally sampled from the content covered
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criterian validity
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does your performance on the test predict something in the future?
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construct validity
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does it accurately represent the nontangible concept
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_____________ preceeds ___________. a test must be _______ to be __________-
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reliability, validity
reliable, valid |
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_____________ is not a sufficient condition for validity. Something can be _________ but not valid
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reliability
reliable |
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__________ preceeds reliablity and validity
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fairness
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What is reliability?
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same resuluts no matter who does the scoring
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what is validity?
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how well an assessment acually measures what it's uspoted to measure
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what are three aspects of validity?
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task
extraneous interference (accomodations) consequences (bias) |
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fairness
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allows all studnets to equally demonstrate knowledge or skills
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_________ are intended to measure how well a person has learned a specific body of knowledge and skills
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CRTs
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criticisms of CRTs
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too vague
standards not always agreed upon difficult |
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what is the standard error of measurement
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if a studnet takes the same test repeatedly, the standard deviation of the repeated scores is the SEM
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what's another name for SEM?
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the degree of variablity
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what are strenghts of NRTs?
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test norms
helps determine sped placement |
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what are the weaknessess of NRTs
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norm problems
doesn't show strengths and weaknesses |
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what doe the horzionatl bars of the WJ III indicate?
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the instructional range, of high to low score (sucky)
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what is the mean of the WJIII?
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100
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what is a z score? *wjII*
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how far away from the mean in precise standard deviation
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what did binet do?
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first intelligtnce test, determine who needed more individual attention
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what happened when binet's scale came to the US?
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Goddard and Terman gave herditarian viewpoint. Social darwinism
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Are age and grade equivalency socres developmental scores?
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no. they describe the average number of items correct at a specific age or gade
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the 85th percentile always corresponds with a stadnard score of ___
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115
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what is the more acruate way to describe a perofmance on a test?
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standard score
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The process of suing tests and other measure of studnet performance and behaviro to make educaitonal decisoins
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assessment
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the process of determinign ability or performance level by using objective info such as nummbers, socres and other data
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measurement
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the process of determining general leves of perofmance or behavior though tests and evals
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screening
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an estimate fo the vairbality of scores based on the avg distance of individual scores form the mean of the distrubtion. groups of scores with higher vairbaliy yeild larger of these than those with lovwer varibaliey
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standard deviation
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NCE stands for:
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normal curve equivalent
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a score that fits a normal curve of equal untis. Mean of 50 and s.d. of 21.06.
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normal curve equivalent score
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a standard score with a mean of 50 and a s.d of 10.
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t score
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standard score with a mean of 0 and a s d of 1
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z score
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