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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gametogenesis
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Production of male and female HAPLOID gametes
Male- spermatozoa (sperm) Female- ova (ovum, eggs) |
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Fertilization
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Reconsitution of full genetic content of a new diploid cell
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Meiosis
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Diploid--> Haploid
Involves recombination of the PARENTAL DNA to produce genetic expression in the gametes DISTINCT from that of the parents |
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What kind of gland is the testis? What kind of secretion does it use?
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Compound tubular
Holocrine |
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What is the tunica albuginea?
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DICT capsule surrounding the testis
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Characteristics of tunica albunginea
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Thickens posteriorly to form the mediastinum testis.
Septae of CT divide each testis into LOBULES |
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What does each lobule of the testis contain?
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1-4 SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
Each ST begins and ends near th emediastinum testes |
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What does the interstitum (stoma) contain?
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LCT
Lymphatic vessels Blood vessels Nerves Leydig cells |
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H/E characteristics of Leydig cells
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Larger than any other cells of the interstitum
EOSINOPHILIC cytoplasm Vesiculated nucleus Prominent nucleolus Often found in clumps |
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Function of Leydig cells
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Secrete testosterone
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Contents of Leydig cells
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Abundant SER
Many mitochondria w TUBULOVESICULAR cristae (acidophilia) |
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What is testosterone necessary for?
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Development, maturation and maintenance of male gamete production, reproductive tract function, and male secondary characteristics
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Characteristics of Seminiferous tubules
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DCT surrounding each tubule=TUNICA PROPRIA
TP contains contractile MYOID CELLS (function like myofibroblasts) |
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Myoid Cell characteristics and function
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Characteristics of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts
In humans, this layer is relatively thick Contracts to help properl secreted SPERMATOZOA along the ST lumen |
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Contents of seminiferous epithelium
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Complex stratified epithelium that contains:
Sertoli cells Spermatogenic cells: Spermatogonia (2), Spermatocytes (2), and Spermatids (2) |
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Spermatogenesis and stages
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production of HAPLOID sperm cells
Stages: Spermatogonial Spermatocyte Spermatid |
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Sertoili cell function
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Form compartments to organize spermatogenic cells that are undergoing spermatogenesis
Spaces BETWEEN sertoili cells creat MICROENVIRONMENTS needed for development o different types of spermatogenic cells |
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Sertoli-Sertoli cell junctions
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Blood-testis barrier
Divide SE into a BASAL COMPARTMENT and ADLUMINAL COMPARTMENT |
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Sertoli-Spermatid junctions
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Help anchor spermatid to the Sertoli cell during sperm development
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Products of sertoli cells
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Testosterone binding protein- maintain high [] of T within SE since T is necessary for spermatogenesis
Secrete fluid to help move spermatozoa along lumen of ST |
