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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mass |
Amount of matter in an object, g or kg |
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Volume |
Quantity of three dimensional space occupied by a liquid, solid, or gas. Liter |
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Density |
Mass per unit volume. G/cm3, kg/m3, g/ml |
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Speed |
Distance traveled in a given unit of time m/s |
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Velocity |
Distance traveled in a given unit of time in a specific direction m/s |
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Inertia |
Resistance of any physical object to a change in its state of motion or rest. g or kg |
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Elasticity |
Property of a material that returns it to its original shape after it has been deformed by an external force or stress |
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Stiffness |
Resistance of an elastic body to deformation by an applied force. Force/meters |
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Pressure |
Force acting on a specific surface area. Pascal |
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Acceleration |
Change in velocity as a function of time. A=f/m or f=ma |
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Incident wave |
The sound wave generated by a vibrating source before it interacts with a boundary |
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Absorption |
A sound wave that runs into a boundary/difference medium, resulting in damping of the wave and diminishing changes in air pressure |
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Reflection |
A sound wave that bounces off of the surface of the boundary and travels in the opposite direction of the incident wave |
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Rarfraction |
A sound wave that changes direction as the result of a boundary or change in medium that it travels through |
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Diffraction |
Refers to a change in direction as a sound wave passes through an opening or travels around an obstacle |
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Compression |
When molecules approach and collide, resulting in an area of positive pressure |
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Rarefaction |
When molecules move away from each other, resulting in an area of lower pressure |
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Simple harmonic motion |
This occurs when the restoring force acting on an object ( such as elasticity) is directly proportional to the displacement of the object from its equilibrium position but in the opposite direction, as an the movement of a mass spring system |
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Frequency |
Measured as numbers of cycles that occur in one second , the unit of measurement is Hertz (Hz) |
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Period |
The time it takes for one complete cycle to occur, measured in seconds |
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Wavelength |
The distance covered by one complete cycle, usually measured in meters |
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Amplitude |
The maximum displacement from a position of rest |
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Periodic |
This property of certain kinds of sounds refers to a sound wave in which every cycle takes the same amount of time to occur as every other cycle |
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Aperiodic |
These kinds of sounds are waves in which individual cycles do not take the same amount of time to occur |
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Pure tone |
A sound with only one frequency |
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The relationship between physical properties of sounds, like frequency and intensity, and perceptual properties, meaning pitch and loudness, is linear |
False |
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The longer the vibrating source, the lower the frequency |
True |
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The more tense or stiff an object is (like a guitar string or rubber band) the slower it will vibrate |
False |
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The more mass an object has the more slowly it will vibrate |
True |
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Anything above 20 Hz is in the supersonic range |
False |
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Subsonic sounds for humans are below 20 Hz |
True |
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Amplitude |
Measure of the magnitude of change or displacement over a single period; also the amount of motion of a vibrating object and the amount of pressure change that generates |
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Energy |
The capacity of an individual or an object to perform work |
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Work |
A push or pull that moves an object a certain distance |
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Power |
The amount of energy expended in a given time |
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Intensity |
Power measured over a particular area, such as square centimeters or meters |
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The inverse square relationship states whatever the distance from the source of a sound is increased, then the intensity of the sound will be decreased by a factor equal to the square of the distance change factor |
True |
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The square relationship tells us that if the amplitude of a sound is doubled, then the intensity of the sound will be quadrupled |
True |
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Brownian motion |
Random movement of air molecules |
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Pressure differential |
Difference in pressure which causes air to flow and create driving pressure |
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Hookes law |
Restoring force is proportional to the distance of displacement and acts in the opposite direction |
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Fourier analysis |
Highly complex math procedure that shows how waves are represented by the sum of its components |
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Interference |
Combining of waves. Incident and reflected waves are combining with each other at any instant |
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Constructive interference |
Increased amplitude |
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Decreased interference |
Decreased amplitude |
