Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Motor (Neurogenic Speech Disorders) are speech production disorders that result from damage to the _______________ (brain and spinal cord) or _____________ neuromotor systems (nerves) that control ____________________________________________
|
central; peripheral; speech movements
|
|
|
Motor Speech disorders excludes ______________________ and/or ____________ deficits,
|
peripheral structural; sensory
e.g., cleft palate, hearing loss |
|
|
What is the difference between Developmental and Acquired Dysarthria?
|
Developmental- developed at birth (prenatal, natal, post natal, congenital-diagnosed at birth, but not necessarily caused by birth)
Acquired-developed after birth |
|
|
What are some of the causes of dysarthria in adults?
|
o Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVA) or Strokes
o Traumatic brain injury (TBI) o Degenerative diseases, e.g. Parkinson, Huntington’s disease o Tumors o Infections |
|
|
What are some of the causes of dysarthria in children?
|
o Abnormal development of the nervous system
o Damage to the nervous system in its early development o Ex: jaundice, cerebral palsy |
|
|
What are the two major classifications of Neurogenic Speech Disorders in Adults & what are their names for children?
|
1. Apraxia (Children: Childhood Apraxia of Speech – CAS: covered in SSD)
2. Dysarthria (Children: Developmental Dysarthria) |
|
|
What is affected by Acquired Apraxia/Developmental Apraxia?
|
Motor Plan & Motor Planning (You have a plan for what you want to say, but something other than what you wanted to say is spoken.)
|
|
|
What is affected by dysarthria?
|
Speech Movements & Speech Execution
(You have a plan for what you want to say, but it comes out fuzzy or unclear) |
|
|
What is the literal meaning of dysarthria?
|
dys means disordered or abnormal;
arthria means to utter distinctly from the Greek, arthroun |
|
|
What are the seven types of dysarthria?
|
1. Flaccid Dysarthria
2. Unilateral Upper Motor Neuron Dysarthria (new category) 3. Spastic Dysarthria 4. Ataxic Dysarthria 5. Hyperkinetic Dysarthria 6. Hypokinetic Dysarthria 7. Mixed Dysarthria |
|
|
What is the locus & primary difficulty with Flaccid Dysarthria?
|
Lower motor neuron; weakness
|
|
|
What is the locus & primary difficulty with Unilateral Upper Motor Neuron Dysarthria?
|
upper motor neuron; weakness, imprecision
|
|
|
What is the locus & primary difficulty with Spastic Dysarthria?
|
Upper Motor Neuron (bilateral); spasticity
|
|
|
What is the locus & primary difficulty with Ataxic Dysarthria?
|
Cerebellum; incoordination
|
|
|
What is the locus & primary difficulty with Hypokinetic Dysarthria?
|
Basal ganglia control circuit ; Rigidity & Reduced ROM
|
|
|
What is the locus & primary difficulty with Hyperkinetic Dysarthria?
|
Basal ganglia control circuit;Involuntary movements
|
|
|
What is the locus & primary difficulty with Mixed Dysarthria?
|
More than one area & various deficits
|
|
|
What does Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal nerve) do?
(Cranial Nerves for Flaccid Dysarthria) |
Sensation to face, mastication, tensor veli palatini
|
|
|
What does Cranial Nerve VII (Facial) do?
(Cranial Nerves for Flaccid Dysarthria) |
Movements of facial muscles
|
|
|
What does Cranial Nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal) do?
|
Sensation to tongue, movement of pharynx, swallowing
|
|
|
What does Cranial Nerve X (Vagus) do ?
(Cranial Nerves for Flaccid Dysarthria) |
innervate larynx, palatal muscles
|
|
|
What does Cranial Nerve XI (accessory) do?
(Cranial Nerves for Flaccid Dysarthria) |
Head movement
|
|
|
What does Cranial Nerve XII (hypoglossal) do?
(Cranial Nerves for Flaccid Dysarthria) |
Tongue movement
|
