Speech

Front 1

What is Communication Apprehension (CA).

Back 1

The fear/dread of negative responses you might experience because you speak out.

Front 2

What is Public Speaking Anxiety?

Back 2

Fear specifically related to speaking in public.

Front 3

What is Process Anxiety?

Back 3

Fear due to lack of confidence in knowing how to prepare a speech.

Front 4

What is Performance Anxiety?

Back 4

Fear of forgetting or of presenting your speech poorly.

Front 5

What is Communication Competence?

Back 5

The ability to communicate appropriately and successfully?

Front 6

What is rhetoric?

Back 6

The study of persuasion in its various forms, a term often used negatively.

Front 7

Define culture.

Back 7

The integrated systems of learned beliefs, values, behaviors, and norms that include visible characteristics of a society.

Front 8

Define Co-culture.

Back 8

Subgroups of culture, characterized by mild or profound cultural diferences, that coexist within the larger culture.

Front 9

Define rhetoric sensitivity.

Back 9

The ability to adapt to a variety of audieces and settings and to perform appropriately in diverse social situations.

Front 10

Defing core cultural resources.

Back 10

Beliefs, values, attitudes, and behaviors that provide a logical basis for a culture to define what is necessary, right, doubtful, or forbidden.

Front 11

Give an example of a nonexpressive culture.

Back 11

Japan.

Front 12

What is bicultural?

Back 12

Knowing and applying different rules for competent behaviors in two cultures.

Front 13

Define Dilogical theory.

Back 13

Theory proposing that face-to-face conversation is the prototype that is foundational to all other communication.

Front 14

Define speech genres.

Back 14

Cultural forms that we rely upon when we participae in a specific type of communication.

Front 15

What is the transactional model of communication?

Back 15

Model that represents communication as a process in which speakers and listeners work together to create mutual meanings.

Front 16

Define canon.

Back 16

A set of principles, standards, norms, or guidelines.

Front 17

What are canons of rhetoric?

Back 17

Principles, standards, romrms, or guidlines for creating and delivering a speech.

Front 18

What is a canon of invention?

Back 18

Principles for designing a speech that meets a need of a specific audience.

Front 19

What is a canon of disposition or arrangement?

Back 19

Guidelines for organizing a speech (outlines).

Front 20

What is connectiveness?

Back 20

Words/ phrases that you use to tie your ideas together.

Front 21

What is style in rhetoric?

Back 21

Style means kind/type of language.

Front 22

What is a canon of style?

Back 22

Principles for choosing effective language.

Front 23

What is a canon of memory?

Back 23

Guidelines to help you remember your ideas.

Front 24

What is memorized delivery?

Back 24

Not recomended because risky, learning the speech by heart, then reciting it.

Front 25

What is manuscript delivery?

Back 25

Not recomended, reading a speech.

Front 26

What is impromtu delivery?

Back 26

Not recommended, avoid spur-of-the moment delivery.

Front 27

What is extemporaneous delivery?

Back 27

The recommended way of giving a speech. Preparing a speech carefully in advance but choosing the exact wording during the speech itself.

Front 28

What is a canon of delivery?

Back 28

Rules or standards for preserving your speech.

Front 29

What is physiological anxiety?

Back 29

Bodily reponses to a perceived threat (increased heart rate, adrenaline rush)

Front 30

What is pyschological anxiety?

Back 30

Mental stress about a perceived threat.

Front 31

What is internal Monologue?

Back 31

I-M; self talk.

Front 32

What is cognitive modification?

Back 32

Identifying negative thoughts and replacing them with positive ones.

Front 33

What is visualization?

Back 33

Rehearsing by using your imagination to envision your speech from start to finish.

Front 34

What is habituation?

Back 34

Lessining of anxiety when an experience is successfullyrepeated over time.

Front 35

What is Ethical Communication?

Back 35

The concious decision to speak and listen in ways that you, in light of your culural ideals, consider right, fair, honest, and helpful to others as well as to yourself.

Front 36

What is heckling?

Back 36

Taunting, insulting, ridiculing, or shouting down another person.

Front 37

What is resisting?

Back 37

A response to diversity i which you refuse to change and you defend your own positions or attack others.

Front 38

What is assimilating?

Back 38

Response to diversity in which you surrender some or most of your ways and adopt cultural patterns of another group.

Front 39

What is multivocal society?

Back 39

A society that actively s seeks expression of a variety of voices or viewpoints.

Front 40

What is diliberate fraud?

Back 40

Knowing, intentional plagiarism.

Front 41

What is cut-and-paste plagiarism?

Back 41

Copying material word-for-word and then patching it together without quotation marks or citations.

Front 42

What is improper paraphrase?

Back 42

Changing some words of a source but keeping the basic sructure and ideas intact without citing it.

Front 43

What is accidental plagiarism?

Back 43

Plagiarism due to lack of knowledge about the rules.

Front 44

What is frabrication?

Back 44

Making up information or repeating a rumor without sufficiently checking its accuracy.

Front 45

What are cultural allusions?

Back 45

References to historical, liteary, and religious sources that are familiar in a specific culture.

Front 46

What is stereotyping?

Back 46

Placing someone in a category, and then assuming the person fits the characteristics of that category.

Front 47

Define prejudiced.

Back 47

Having preformed biases or judgments, whether negative or positive.

Front 48

What is speech-thought differential?

Back 48

The difference between the rate you think (about 500 words per minue) and the rate you speak (about 150 words per minute).

Front 49

What is leftover thinking space?

Back 49

Another term for the difference between your thinking rate and your speaking rate.

Front 50

What are schemas?

Back 50

Mental plans or models that guide your perception, interpretation, storage, and recollection of a speech.

Front 51

What is comprehensive listening?

Back 51

Listening to learn, understand or get information.

Front 52

What is critical listening?

Back 52

Listening that requires you to reflect and weigh the merits of persuasive messages before you accept them.

Front 53

What are loaded questions?

Back 53

Questions containing implications intended to put the speaker on the defensive.

Front 54

What are closed questions?

Back 54

Requests for breif, separate answers. Use them to gain precise information or to verify your understanding.

Front 55

What are open questions?

Back 55

Requests for more lengthy responses.

Front 56

What are clarification questions?

Back 56

Requests to clear up confusing ideas. Ask if confussed.

Front 57

What are requests for elaboration?

Back 57

Questions aksing for more information.

Front 58

What is a comment?

Back 58

Information from personal experience or research.

Front 59

What is audience analysis?

Back 59

Identifying audience characteristics to communicate more effectively.

Front 60

What is a listening speaker?

Back 60

Dialogical speaker who hears audience interests and concerns beore, during, and after a speech.

Front 61

Define pedestrian audiences.

Back 61

Random, temporary, and accidental auciences who were not intending to hear a speech.

Front 62

What are passive audiences?

Back 62

Grouops that listen to accomplish other goals.

Front 63

What are selected audiences?

Back 63

Groups that choose to listen to a slected subject or speaker.

Front 64

What is an homogeneous audience?

Back 64

Listeners who are similar in attitude.

Front 65

What are hostile audiences?

Back 65

Listeners who are negative toward the topic or the speaker.

Front 66

What are concerted audiences?

Back 66

Listeners who are positive toward a topic but don't act; they need motivation and a plan.

Front 67

What are organized audiences?

Back 67

Motivated listeners who need specific instructions.

Front 68

What are absent audiences?

Back 68

Intentional listeners separated in distance and time who are reached through various media.

Front 69

Give an example of a pedestrian audience.

Back 69

A salesman's flashy demo of a food processor, impassioned voice of n activeist in an outdoor forum, or the humorous stories or sidewalk entertainer.

Front 70

Give an example of a passive audience.

Back 70

Speech classes; listeners are there for grade not interest.

Front 71

Give an example of a organized audience.

Back 71

"how to" speeches

Front 72

Give an example of an absent audience.

Back 72

Listeners through the radio, telephone calls, television, the Internet, etc. Audience is separated from speaker.

Front 73

What is demographic audience analysis?

Back 73

Identifying audiences by populations they represent, such as age or ethnicity.

Front 74

What is a salient group?

Back 74

A group that is more significant or relevent.

Front 75

What is ethnicity?

Back 75

Heritage and cultural traditions usually stemming from national and religious backrounds.

Front 76

What are behavioral effects?

Back 76

Influences on audience actions.

Front 77

Give another wynonym for thesis statement.

Back 77

A central idea.

Front 78

Define delivery.

Back 78

How you perform your speech or how you present your words and ideas.

Front 79

Define impression monagement.

Back 79

Self-presentation, using the metaphor of a staged drama in which we use props and personal mannerism to create and maintain impressions of ourselves.

Front 80

When you present verbal and nonverbal mesages that you actually believe, you are _______.

Back 80

Sincere.

Front 81

If you intentionally choose to create false or misleading impressions, you are being _________.

Back 81

Cynical.

Front 82

________ are gestures that stand in the place for words or ideas.

Back 82

Emblems.

Front 83

Give an example of an emblem.

Back 83

A head nod means yes.

Front 84

________ are gestures that add emphasisi to or illustrate verbal messages.

Back 84

Illustrators.

Front 85

Define affect display.

Back 85

Showing emotion through bodily movement.

Front 86

______ are bodily movements that manage or help mediate interactions.

Back 86

Regulators.

Front 87

________ are gestures that betray stress or fear.

Back 87

Adapters.

Front 88

Define self-adapters.

Back 88

Nervously touching yourself (like biting your lips) when you're stressed.

Front 89

Define Object Objectors.

Back 89

Nervously touching or playing with items like pens or jewelry.

Front 90

Define After adapters.

Back 90

Gestures, like folding your arms protectively, that betray nervousness about the audience.

Front 91

What is articulation?

Back 91

The way you enunciate or say specific sounds.

Front 92

What are vocal variations?

Back 92

Changes in volume, rate, nd pitch that combine to create impressions of the speaker.

Front 93

What are unfilled pauses?

Back 93

Silent pauses.

Front 94

What are filled (vocalized) pauses?

Back 94

Saying um or uh or other sounds during a pause

Front 95

Define homo narrans.

Back 95

A Latin phrase that identifies humans as storytelling animals.

Front 96

Define Applied Storytelling.

Back 96

Using stories for practical purposes, not just for entertainment.

Front 97

What is constructed dialogue?

Back 97

Created conversation that adds realism to a story.

Front 98

Define exemplum.

Back 98

An organizational pattern in which a narrative is used to illustrate a quotation.

Front 99

Define coherence.

Back 99

Deciding if a narrative is understandable or sensible.

Front 100

What is narrative fidelity.

Back 100

Testing if the narative faithfully represents how the world works.

Front 101

What is narrative merit.

Back 101

Testing whether or not a narrative is worth telling.