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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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intrapersonal communication
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what you say to yourself
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What is necessary for the communication process?
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sender, decoder, message
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interpersonal communication
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between 2 people
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steps in the communication process
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sending, receiving, feedback
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3 types of appeals
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ethos, pathos, logos
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ethos
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credibility, or an "expert" telling you something
celebrity endorsement |
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pathos
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playing on your emotions
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logos
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logic / reason
facts and statistics |
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what is and is not effective speech practice
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effective: practicing as if giving it to an audience
not effective: just thinking about it and going through your notes |
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requirements for effective communication
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active listener, effective speaker
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types of listening
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empathetic, discriminative, appreciative, critical
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what does an effective listener do
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leaning forward, eye contact, nodding
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common listening mistakes
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faking attention, overreacting, interrupting
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common conversation killers
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talking to much, criticism, interrupting, talking to little
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how to offer and receive criticism
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OFFERING: focus on actions, phrase
positive when possible. RECEIVING: allow others to finish, don’t over react; ask questions to clarify, thank the person for the critique. |
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organizing a speech:
climatically, cause & effect, problem & solution, spatial, chronological |
.Climactic, Order of Importance
.Cause Effect, How one situation results in another .Problem Solution, raising an issue and offering a “fix” .Spatial, order of physical arrangement .Chronological, in order of time |
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3 parts of a introductive and informative speech
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.Hook, attention getter
.Preview, identifies specific parts of the speech .Thesis, presents the main ideas of the speech |
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2 parts of conclusion of informative speech
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summary,
clincher |
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what to consider when determining credibility of source
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author, sponsor, bias, publication date
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works cited rules (title, spacing, indentation, ordering)
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title, same font & size
spacing, double throughout indentation, hanging ordering, alphabetical |
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hyperbole
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exaggeration to make a point
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connotation
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emotions associated with a word
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imagery
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appealing to the sense of sound, sight, touch, smell. and or taste
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alliteration
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repetition of beginning consonant sounds
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analogy
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extended comparisons which helps explain
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irony
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saying the opposite of what is said
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parallelism
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repeating the same grammatical structure in a series
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metaphor
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implicit comparison--one thing "becomes" another (no like or as)
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antithesis
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two clauses, identical in structure, opposite in meaning
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personification
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giving human qualities to something non human
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