Sped102 Ch. 1, Ch. 2

Front 1

Down syndrome

Back 1

a condition resulting from an abnormality with the twenty-first pair of chromosomes; common to be triplet rather than pair; characterized by intellectual disability and such physical signs as slated eyes, hypotonia, a single palmar crease, shortness, and tendency toward obesity

Front 2

Retinopathy of prematurity

Back 2

ROP

Front 3

Retinopathy of prematurity

Back 3

a condition resulting from administration of an excessive concentration of oxygen at birth; causes scar tissue to form behind the lens of the eye

Front 4

Phenylketonuria

Back 4

PKU

Front 5

Phenylketonuria

Back 5

a metabolic genetic disorder caused by the inability of the body to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine; an accumulation of phenylalanine results in abnormal brain development

Front 6

Cystic fibrosis

Back 6

inherited disease affecting primarily the gastrointestinal(GI) tract and respiratory organs; characterized by thick, sticky, mucous that often interferes with breathing or digestion

Front 7

muscular dystrophy

Back 7

a hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness caused by degeneration of muscle fibers

Front 8

hydrocephalus

Back 8

a condition characterized by enlargement of the head because of excessive pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid

Front 9

autism or autistic spectrum disorder

Back 9

a pervasive developmental disability characterized by extreme withdrawal, cognitive deficits, language disorders, self-stimulation, and onset before the age of thirty months

Front 10

traumatic brain injury

Back 10

injury to the brain resulting in total or partial disability or psychosocial maladjustment that affects educational performance; may affect cognition, language, memory, attention, reasoning, abstract thinking, judgment, problem solving, sensory or perceptual and motor disabilities, psychosocial behavior, physical functions, information processing, or speech

Front 11

traumatic brain injury

Back 11

TBI

Front 12

special education

Back 12

specially designed instruction that meets the unusual needs of an exceptional student and which might require special materials, teaching techniques, or equipment and/or facilities

Front 13

NCLB

Back 13

No child left behind act

Front 14

no child left behind act

Back 14

to improve the education of all children, twenty-first century

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resource teacher

Back 15

provides services for students and teachers in a single school

Front 16

itinerant

Back 16

resource teacher for multiple schools

Front 17

self-contained class

Back 17

fifteen or fewer students with particularly characteristics or needs

Front 18

day schools

Back 18

all-day special placement for exceptional learns who need this level of specialization

Front 19

hospital or homebound instruction

Back 19

required by students who have physical disabilities, sometimes mental disabilities,

Front 20

residential school

Back 20

exceptional students receive twenty-four hour learning and environment control

Front 21

least restrictive environment

Back 21

a legal term referring to the fact that exceptional children must be education in as normal an environment as possible

Front 22

LRE

Back 22

least restrictive environment

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Education for All Handicapped Children Act

Back 23

Public Law 94-142

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Education for All Handicapped Children Act

Back 24

became law in 1975 and is known as the individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)

Front 25

Individuals with Disabilities Education ACT

Back 25

IDEA

Front 26

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

Back 26

enacted in 1990, reauthorized in 1997 & 2004, this federal law requires that to receive funds under the act, every school system in the nation must provide a free, appropriate public education for every child between the ages of three and twenty-one, regardless of how or how seriously he or she may be disabled

Front 27

Americans with Disabilities Act

Back 27

ADA

Front 28

Americans with Disabilities Act

Back 28

Civil rights legislation for persons with disabilities ensuring non-discrimination in a broad range of activities

Front 29

Individualized Education Program

Back 29

IEP

Front 30

Individualized Education Program

Back 30

IDEA requires an IEP to be drawn up by the educational team for each exceptional child; the IEP must include a statement of present education performance, instructional goals, educational services to be provided, and criteria and procedures for determining that the instructional objectives are being met.

Front 31

IFSP

Back 31

A plan mandated by PL 99-457 to provide services for young children with disabilities (younger than 3) and their families

Front 32

IFSP

Back 32

individualized family service plan

Front 33

Normalization

Back 33

a philosophical belief in special education that every individual, even the most disabled, should have an educational and living environment as close to normal as possible

Front 34

spina bifida

Back 34

a congenital midline defect resulting from failure of the bony spinal column to close completely during fetal development

Front 35

congenital

Back 35

a characteristic or condition that is present at birth; might or might not be due to genetic factors

Front 36

Deinstitutionalization

Back 36

A social movement of the 60s and 70s whereby large numbers of persons with intellectual disabilities and/or mental illness were moved from large mental institutions into smaller community homes or into the homes of their families; recognized as a major catalyst for integrating persons with disabilities into society

Front 37

Job coach

Back 37

a person who assists adult workers with disabilities, providing vocational assessment, instruction, overall planning, and interaction assistance with employers, family, and related government and service agencies

Front 38

self-determination

Back 38

the ability to make personal choices, regulate one's own life, and be a self-advocate; a prevailing philosophy in education programming for people with intellectual disabilities; having control over one's life, not having to rely on others for making choices about one's quality of life; develops over one's life span

Front 39

person-centered planning

Back 39

planning for a person's self-determination; planning activities and services based on a person's dreams, aspirations, interests, preferences, strengths, and capacities

Front 40

universal design

Back 40

the design of new buildings and tools to make them usable by the widest possible population of potential users

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universal design for learning

Back 41

UDL

Front 42

universal design for leaning

Back 42

designing lessons that are appropriate for all learners

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FAPE

Back 43

free appropriate public education

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free appropriate public education

Back 44

the primary intend of federal special education law, that the education of all children with disabilities will in all cases be free of cost to parents and appropriate for the particular student

Front 45

cochlear implantation

Back 45

a surgical procedure that allows people who are dear to hear some environmental sounds; an external coil fitted ont he skin by the ear picks up sound from a microphone worn by the person and transmits it to an internal coil implanted in the bone behind the ear, which carries it to an electrode implanted in the cochlea of the inner ear

Front 46

full inclusion

Back 46

all students with disabilities are placed in their neighborhood schools in genearl education classrooms for the entire day; general education teachers have the primary responsibility for students with disabilities

Front 47

continuum of alternative placements

Back 47

CAP

Front 48

continuum of alternative placements

Back 48

the full range of alternative placements, from those assumed to be least restrictive to those considered most restrictive; the continuum ranges from general education classrooms in neighborhood schools to rescources rooms

Front 49

pull-out programs

Back 49

special education pgorams in which students with disabilities leave the general education classroom for part of all of the school day

Front 50

disability rights movement

Back 50

patterned after the civil rights movement this ia loosely organized effort to advocate for the rights of people with disabilities through lobbying legislators and other activitiies. members view people with disabilities and an oppressed minority

Front 51

handicapism

Back 51

a term used by activities who fault the unequal treatment of individuals with disabilities. this term is parallel to racism

Front 52

differentiated instruction

Back 52

instruction varied to meet the needs of all students

Front 53

prereferral teams (PRTs)

Back 53

teams composed of a variety of professionals who work with general education classroom teachers to come up with strategieis for teaching difficult-to-teach children

Front 54

response to intervention (RTI)

Back 54

a way of determining whether a student has a learning disability

Front 55

collaborative consultation

Back 55

an approach in which a special education and a general education collaborate to identify teaching strangeies for astudent with disabilities.

Front 56

cooperative teaching

Back 56

an approach in which the general and special education teachers teach together in the general clasroom; helps the special education know the context of the gen ed class better

Front 57

co-teaching

Back 57

special education working side by side with a general educator in a classroom. both teachers providing instruction

Front 58

cooperative learning

Back 58

teaching approach, places students of hetero abilities together to work on assignments

Front 59

peer-mediated instruction

Back 59

use of a student's classroom peers to assist in teaching academic or social skills

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peer confederatese

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peers who assist the teacher

Front 61

classwide peer tutoring

Back 61

CWPT

Front 62

modification

Back 62

changes made in struction or assessment to make it possible for a student with a disability to respond mroe normally

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accomodations

Back 63

changes in the delivery of instruction, type of student performance, or method of assessment which do not significantly change the content to conceptual difficult of the curriculum

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adaptations

Back 64

changes in content or conceptual difficulty or changes in instructional objectives and methodes

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tiered assignments

Back 65

assignments varying in difficulty but on a single topic

Front 66

progress monitoring

Back 66

frequent measures of performance used to determine whether a student is learning as expected

Front 67

developmental delay

Back 67

term used to encompass a variety of disabilities in infacnts or young children

Front 68

center-based program

Back 68

a program implemented in a school or center, not in the student's home

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home-based program

Back 69

primarily in a home rather than school or center

Front 70

supported employment

Back 70

a method of integrating people with disabilities into competitiive employment

Front 71

zero tolerance

Back 71

having possession or any weapon or drug on school property with automatically result in a given penalty regardless of the nature of the weapon or drug or an extenuating circumstances

Front 72

manifestation determination

Back 72

determination whether a student's misbehaviour is a manifestation of a disability

Front 73

positive behavioural intervention plans

Back 73

a plan for changing behaviour with an emphasis on positive reinforcement procedures

Front 74

functional behavior assessment

Back 74

FBA

Front 75

functional behavior assessment

Back 75

evalutation that conssist of finding out the consequences antecedents and setting events that maintain inappropriate behaviors

Front 76

positive behavioral intervention and support

Back 76

PBIS

Front 77

positive behavioral intervention and support

Back 77

systematic use of the science of behavor to find ways of supporting desirable behavioujr rather than punishing the undesirable behavior; positive reinforcement

Front 78

positive behavioral support

Back 78

PBS

Front 79

positive behavioral support

Back 79

posititive reinforcement procedures intended to support a student's appropriate or desirable behavior

Front 80

interim alternative educational setting

Back 80

IAES

Front 81

interim alternative educational setting

Back 81

a temporary placement outside gen ed for students whose behavior is extremely problematic, but in which their education is continued