Sped 503B Lesson 5

Front 1

Response Cost and Time Out are what types of punishment?

Back 1

Negative Punishment- Type 2

Front 2

Presentation of Aversive Stimuli, Effort Based Punishment and Overcorretion are what types of punishment?

Back 2

Positive Punishment- Type 1

Front 3

For every behavior targeted for decrease, one or more behavior is targeted to increase

Back 3

Fair Pair Rule

Front 4

The process of withholding a postive or negative reinforcer for a previously reinforced behavior in order to eliminate that behavior

Back 4

Extinction

Front 5

Removal of desirable stimuli or presentation of aversive stimuli contingent upon exhibition of a behavior that weakens its subsequent frequency or intensity

Back 5

Punishment

Front 6

When a behavior is followed immediately by the removal or the termination of a stiulus that decreases the rate of future behavioral response

Back 6

Type II Negative Punishment

Front 7

When a behavior is followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus that decreases the rate of future behavioral responses

Back 7

Type I Positive Punishment

Front 8

Removal of a specific amount of a reinforcer contingent upon exhibition of a specified behavior

Back 8

Response Cost
*Some reinforcer must be available before hand

Front 9

Removal of access to a reinforcer for a specificed time period, immediately after the unwanted response resulting in a decreased frequency of that response

Back 9

Time Out
from positive reinforcement

Front 10

Two forms of time-out

Back 10

Nonexlusion
Exclusion

Front 11

Access to reinforcers is denied through environmental manipulation

Back 11

Nonexclusion. Used for minor behavior problems

Front 12

Learner is physically removed from the reinforcing environment

Back 12

Exclusion. Used for more severe problem behaviors

Front 13

Suspension of social reinforcement (attention, physical contact, or verbal exchange) contingent upon exhibition of inappropriate behavior. (No longer has access to reinforcer)

Back 13

Planned Ignoring:
A form of Time-Out (not extinction)
Social reinforcement is restored when the inappropriate behavior stops (temporary consequence permanance)

Front 14

A specific positive reinforcer (that is part of the ongoing environment) is removed when an inappropriate behavior occurs and returned when the inappropraite behavior stops

Back 14

Withdrawal of a specific Reinforcer

Front 15

Requiring the learner to spend a specific time period without access to reinforcement, but where access by others can be observed.

Back 15

Contingent Observation
*the learner eventually returns to the area in which the learner has access to reinforcement

Front 16

A ribbon (or other item) that gives access to reinforcers; removal of the ribbon (object) results in denial of access for a specified period of time

Back 16

Time Out Ribbon
*may serve as an SD for appropriate behavior

Front 17

Time out when reinforcement denied through temporary environmental manipulation

Back 17

Nonexclusion

Front 18

Learner is physically removed from the activity

Back 18

Exclusion

Front 19

Learner is removed from environment to a special room, totally isolated

Back 19

Seclusion

Front 20

A low probability behavior the learner would normally avoid engaging in

Back 20

Aversive Activity

Front 21

When the requirement to engage in a low-probabiity behavior is made contingent upon the occurance of a high-probability behavior, the high-probability behavior will decrease in the future

Back 21

Premack Principle as applied to Type 1 Punishment

Front 22

Naturally occuring stimuli that cause pain or discomfort

Back 22

Unconditioned Aversive

Front 23

Neutral stimuli that have become aversive as a result of pairing with naturally occuring aversives

Back 23

Conditioned Aversive

Front 24

A stimulus that precedes an aversive condition and thus becomes a learned aversive stimulus

Back 24

Warning Stimulus

Front 25

Less intrusive/aversive methods must be attempted or considered and found to be inappropriate/ineffective before more intrusive/aversive methods are employed.

Back 25

Doctrine of Least Restrictive Altenative (LRA)

Front 26

Forms of Positive Punishment NOT requiring learner effort (2)

Back 26

Reprimands & Response Blocking

Front 27

Short verbal statements to cease a behavior

Back 27

Reprimands
*more effective if delivered w/eye contact, hands on or in close proximity, only once, quietly (most of time) and calmly, in an environment that is generally positive

Front 28

Physically intervening to prevent completion of the beahvior assoon as it is initiated

Back 28

Response Blocking
*often used for SIB
**suppressive effects may be explained by punishment or extinction

Front 29

Type 1/Positive punishment procedures that require the learner to work or to expend effort

Back 29

Effort Based Punishment

Front 30

Type forms of Effort Based Punishment

Back 30

Effort that is NOT Related to the target behavior (i.e. Contingent Exercise)
Effort that IS Related to the target behavior but is not corrective (i.e. Negative practice)

Front 31

Used when another person phiscially steers the learner to exhibit a particular behavior

Back 31

Physical Guidance
*is instrusive
*can be aversive
*should be withdrawn as soon as learner complies (negatively reinforces compliance)

Front 32

A positive punishment procedure in which the learner must engage in some form of physical exercise contingent upon exhibition of the problem behavior

Back 32

Contingent Excercise
*exercise is not topographically related to problem behavior and may require physical guidance

Front 33

A positive punishment procedure in with the learner must engage in the exact same form of the probelm behavior repeatedly

Back 33

Negative Practice
*is topographically related and may require physical guidance

Front 34

Procedure in which the person goes beyond simple correction to overcorrect the results of his/her exhibiitoin of an inappropriate behavior

Back 34

Overcorrection
*may funtion as a punisher and as a negative reinforcer

Front 35

Two forms of Overcorrection

Back 35

Resitutional Overcorrection
Positive Practice Overcorrection

Front 36

The learner merely corrects results of his behavior

Back 36

Simple Correction
*use when behavior is not severe, occurs infrequently, was accidental or is not a severe annoyance (don't use if intentional, irreversible, beyond means of learner- use overcorrection)

Front 37

Contingent upon exhibition of th target behavior, the learner must correct the environmental impact of the problem behavior, restoring it to a condition that is better than prior to the problem

Back 37

Resitutional Overcorrection
*commonly used with SIB, Oppositional behaviors, or behaviors which upset the environment

Front 38

Contingent upon exhibition of the traget behavior, the learner must engage in a correct form of the target behavior.

Back 38

Positive Practice Overcorrection
*commonly used with SIB, Self Stimulatory Behaviors (SSB), behaviors which do not upset the environment

Front 39

Which of the following effort based procedures require effort related to the target behavior:
Contingent Exercise
Negative Practice
Restitution
Positive Practice

Back 39

Contingent Exercise: No
Negative Practice: Yes
Restitution: Yes
Positive Practice: Yes

Front 40

Of the following effort based procedures, which may incorporate physical guidance?
Contingent Exercise
Negative Practice
Restitution
Positive Practice

Back 40

Yes to all

Front 41

Of the following effort based Procedures, which of the following improves the environment?
Contingent Exercise
Negative Practice
Restitution
Positive Practice

Back 41

Contingent Exercise: No
Negative Practice: No
Restitution: Yes
Positive Practice: Maybe

Front 42

The immediate, response contingent prevention of an aversive condition resulting in an increase frequency of that response.

Back 42

Avoidance Contingency
*a form of Negative Reinforcement...not a form of punishment

Front 43

3 influences of the nature of punishment on it's effectiveness

Back 43

Form (individually determined)
Variety (greater the better)
Magnitude (more intense more effective)

Front 44

Negative reinforcement, emotional reactions, escape/avoidance, negative modeling and ethical dilemmas are all problems with ________

Back 44

Punishment

Front 45

Behavior Reduction Procedure: Extinction
Level of Intrusion:
Looks like:
Consequence for person:
Consequence for Permanence:

Back 45

Level of Intrusion: Level 2
Looks like: No Reinforcement
Consequence for person: No change from Antecedent
Consequence Permanence: Permanent

Front 46

Behavior Reduction Procedure: Response Cost
Level of Intrusion:
Looks like:
Consequence for person:
Consequence for Permanence:

Back 46

Level of Intrusion: Level 3
Looks like: Removal of reinforcer already earned
Consequence for person: No longer has reinforcer
Consequence Permanence: Permanent

Front 47

Behavior Reduction Procedure: Time Out
Level of Intrusion:
Looks like:
Consequence for person:
Consequence for Permanence:

Back 47

Level of Intrusion: Level 3
Looks like: Removal of access to or opportunity to earn reinforcer
Consequence for person: No longer has access to reinforcer
Consequence Permanence: Temporary

Front 48

Behavior Reduction Procedure: Overcorrection
Level of Intrusion:
Looks like:
Consequence for person:
Consequence for Permanence:

Back 48

Level of Intrusion: Level 4
Looks like: Institution of requirement to enage in effortful behavior to more than correct effects
Consequence for person: Must engage in corrective behavior
Consequence for Permanence: Temporary