Specific Pathology 09: Breast

Front 1

a lobe of the breast is

Back 1

all the lobules feeding a single lactiferous duct

Front 2

ducts originate at the ___. this structure contains the ___ for all the ___ covering the lobule and duct

Back 2

terminal duct lobular unit
stem cells
epithelium

Front 3

the acini are surrounded by ___ CT, whereas the ducts are surrounded by ___ CT

Back 3

edematous
fibrous

Front 4

presence of ___ indicates that the condition is almost certainly benign

Back 4

myoepithelial cells

Front 5

prepubescent girls and boys have ___ but not ___

Back 5

ducts
lobules

Front 6

under combinded P+E, breast becomes ___, causing a feeling of ___

Back 6

edematous
fullness

Front 7

growths in area of axilla can be ___ (2)

Back 7

polymastia
carcinoma of axillary tail of breast

Front 8

breast inflammations (4)

Back 8

acute mastitis
mammary duct ectasia
fat necrosis
galactocoele

Front 9

mammary duct ectasia is ___. it mimics ___.

Back 9

leakage of mammary secretions into surrounding tissue with fibrosis and granulomatous inflammation
carcinoma

Front 10

95% of MDE is caused by ___.

Back 10

papilloma

Front 11

T/F: giant cells and foam cells are present in fat necrosis

Back 11

true

Front 12

___ is the most common benign tumor of breast

Back 12

fibroadenoma

Front 13

fibroadenomas usually happen between ___ and ___ years old. they are usually in the ___ of the breast

Back 13

puberty
30
upper outer quadrant

Front 14

fibroadenomas fluctuate in size with level of ___ (2)

Back 14

P
E

Front 15

in older women fibroadenomas are commonly ___

Back 15

calcified

Front 16

ductal lumina in fibroadenomas are ___

Back 16

obliterated

Front 17

___ are similar to fibroadenomas but larger. in contrast to fibroadenomas, ___.

Back 17

phyllodes tumors
they can be malignant

Front 18

___% of malignant phyllodes tumors metastasize

Back 18

5-10%

Front 19

the majority of breast surgeries are performed for ___

Back 19

fibrocystic disease

Front 20

fibrocystic change typically occurs at ___ years old

Back 20

20-40

Front 21

fibrocystic changes affect ___ and ___ of breast and are due to ___

Back 21

glands
stroma
E excess

Front 22

changes in fibrocystic disease (6)

Back 22

cysts (ductal dilation)
stromal fibrosis
ductal hyperplasia
sclerosing adenosis
apocrine metaplasia
radial scar

Front 23

fibrocystic disease may be malignant if ___ is present, benign otherwise

Back 23

ductal epithelial hyperplasia

Front 24

gynecomastia is ___ caused by ___ secondary to ___. there is hyperplasia of ___ but no ___.

Back 24

enlargement of male breast
elevated E
liver disease
ducts
lobules

Front 25

___ is most lethal cancer in women. ___ is most common cancer in women.

Back 25

lung
breast

Front 26

12% of breast cancer is ___. of those, 25% are due to ___.

Back 26

familial
BRCA1
BRCA2

Front 27

breast cancer risk factors are related to ___

Back 27

prolonged E exposure

Front 28

risk factors for breast cancer (9)

Back 28

age > 40
family history
early menarche
late menopause
nulliparity
obesity
atypical epithelial hyperplasia
carcinoma of other breast
carcinoma of endometrium

Front 29

genes predisposing to breast cancer

Back 29

Li-Fraumeni (p53)
BRCA1,2
Cowden's
ATM

Front 30

___% of breast cancers are from ducts

Back 30

80

Front 31

mucinous carcinoma are common in ___ and have a ___ prognosis. they commonly express ___ receptors

Back 31

older women
relatively good
P + E

Front 32

medullary carcinomas are negative for ___

Back 32

P + E receptors

Front 33

lobular carcinomas typically occur in ___

Back 33

premenopausal women

Front 34

lobular carcinomas stain negative for ___ and positive for ___

Back 34

E-cadherin
E + P receptors

Front 35

lobular carcinomas are commonly ___, unlike ductal

Back 35

bilateral

Front 36

lobular carcinomas are commonly ___

Back 36

multicentric within same breast

Front 37

Paget's disease is

Back 37

ductal carcinoma which extends to skin

Front 38

Paget's disease can initially present as (2)

Back 38

itching
pain

Front 39

T/F: Paget's disease is associated with a worse prognosis

Back 39

false

Front 40

most common location of carcinoma

Back 40

upper outer quadrant

Front 41

invasive carcinomas on upper outer quadrant metastasize to ___

Back 41

ipsilateral axillary LN

Front 42

inner quadrant carcinomas metastasize to___ (2)

Back 42

ipsilateral axillary LN
internal mammary LN

Front 43

when spreading hematogenously, breast carcinomas go to ___ (4)

Back 43

lung
bone
brain
liver

Front 44

the best behaved invasive carcinomas are ___

Back 44

medullary ca
colloid (mucinous) ca
tubular ca

Front 45

prognosis is based on ___ (3)

Back 45

stage of tumor
histologic grade
P + E receptors present

Front 46

single most important factor in prognosis is ___

Back 46

LN metastases

Front 47

HER2/neu is a ___ with homology to ___. It is an important prognostic factor in ___ tumors. It is targeted by ___, which is a ___

Back 47

GFR
EGFR
node-positive
herceptin
mAb