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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Humoral immune system
Cellular immune system |
The immune system is divide into 2 parts called what?
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Humoral immune system
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Involves specific antibodies in the blood and lymph. (The body's humors) Produced by B cells.
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Cellular immune system
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Involves T cells. That do not produce antibodies but secrete cytokines.
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Specialized
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__________ lymphocytes respond to intracellular Ags.
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Thymus
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Where does the T come from in T cells?
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thymus gland
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T cells mature in the _______ _______. After maturation they migrate to lymphoid tissue.
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bursa
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Where does the B in B cells come from?
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bone marrow
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B cells mature in the ____ _______ and fetal liver.
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Innate
Acquired |
What are the 2 kinds of immunity?
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Acquired Immunity
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Resistance to infection due to activity of antibodies.
a. Active immunity b. Passive immunity |
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antibodies
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Acquired immunity
Resistance to infection due to activity of ___________. |
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Active immunity
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means individual is producing its own antibodies
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Passive immunity
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receiving pre-formed antibodies from someone or something else. (injection or transfusion)
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Naturally acquired Active Immunity
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Stimulus : Contact with a live microbe by natural processes e.g. infection; illness
Response: symptoms of disease or subclinical RXN. Active production of specific antibodies to the pathogen Duration: Long term (months to years)sometimes life long. Lots of exceptions: e.g influenza |
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Contact with a live microbe by natural processes e.g. infection; illness
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What is the stimulus in the Naturally acquired Active Immunity?
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symptoms of disease or subclinical RXN.
Active production of specific antibodies to the pathogen |
What is the response in naturally acquired active immunity?
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Long term (months to years)sometimes life long. Lots of exceptions: e.g influenza
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What is the duration of the naturally acquired active immunity?
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Artificially Acquired Active Immunity
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Antigen is intentionally introduced into the body.
1. Stimulus: Vaccines/Immunization a. Killed pathogens (or their proteins alone) b. Attenuated/weakened live pathogens c. Inactivated toxins (toxoids) 2. Response: Production of specific antibodies without developing symptoms of disease (or prodromal symptoms only) 3. Duration: variable (months-years-life time) |
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Vaccines/Immunization
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What is the stimulus for artificially acquired active immunity?
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a. Killed pathogens (or their proteins alone)
b. Attenuated/weakened live pathogens c. Inactivated toxins (toxoids) |
What makes up vaccines or immunizations?
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Production of specific antibodies without developing symptoms of disease (or prodromal symptoms only)
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What is the response for artificially acquired active immunity?
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variable (months-years-life time)
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What is the duration for artificially acquired active immunity?
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Naturally acquired PASSIVE immunity
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1. Mother to fetus through the placenta (placental transfer) or in colostrum/milk during nursing. IgG antibody can cross the placenta.
2. Response: No immune response. Acquisition of antibody only. 3. Duration: short term (a few weeks to months) |
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Naturally acquired PASSIVE immunity
Artificially Acquired PASSIVE immunity |
What kind of immunity would have a response that had no immune response and acquisition of antibody only?
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Artificially Acquired PASSIVE immunity
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1. Antibodies formed in one individual transferred/injected into another individual. Immune serum/gamma globulin/antiserum.
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Artificially Acquired PASSIVE immunity
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Duration: Very short (2-3 wks)
e.g. venomous snake bites, Tetanus, Hep. A, Diptheria, Botulism. |
