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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Specific Defences
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Third Line: lymphocytes, antibodies (specific immune response)
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Specific Immunity
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body's ability to recognize and defend against distinct invaders. "SMART" system memory functions allow rapid response with familiar pathogens. Acquired over time as body "TEACHES" cells about difference btwn foreign and self
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Antigens
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ANY molecule or moleculer fragment that triggers a specific immune response (cell walls, capsules, pili, flagella, proteins.
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Epitope
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defined region or fragment of a molecule that has antigenic properties; protein may possess multiple epitopes
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Lymphatic System
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network of organs, fluid-return vessels, and clean up cells that screen the tissues of the body for foreign antigens.
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Lymph
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liquid similar in composition to blood plasma that arises from fluid leaked from blood vessels into surrounding tissues
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Lymphoid cells
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includes lymphocytes, the smallest of WBC's; develop from stem cells in red bone marrow
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Lymphatic vessels
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one way system that collects lymph (liquid) from tissues and returns it to circulatory system
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Lymph nodes
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house leukocytes that recognize and attack foreign antigens in lymph.
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spleen
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filters bacteria, viruses, toxins, and other foreign matter
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Type B Lymphocytes (B cells)
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mature in red bone marrow, found in lymph nodes & spleen, major function is the secretion of antibodies
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Antibodies
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proteins composed of polypeptides that circulate in blood to bind to ANTIGENS. Secreted by plasma cells - B cells that are actively fighting antigens
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Five classes of Antibodies dependent on the type of foreign antigen, portal of entry, and function needed
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IgA IgD IgE IgG and IgM
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Why does noncovelent binding interactions occur between antigens and antibodies?
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because antibody's antigen-sites are complementary to antigenic determinants (epitopes)
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Antibody functions
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Activation of complement, stimulation of inflammation, agglutination, neutralization, phagocyte activation
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How are immune responses not directed against your own molecules (autoantigens)
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body "edits" lymphocytes to eliminate any and all self reactive cells
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Humoral Immune Response
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B cell activation, clonal selection, formation of plasma B cells and phagocytic immune complexes, formation of memory B cells and immunological memory
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Plasma B cells
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secretes antibody molecules specific to antigen. made during B cell proliferation
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Memory B cells
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made during B cell formation that do not secrete antibodies, but display antibody specific to the antigen it was made by. recognizes if it encounters again.
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Cell-mediated immune response
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responds to intracellular pathogens and cancer; triggered when host cells displays pathogen-derived antigens; memory T-cell populations
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T cells
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produced in red bone marrow and mature in thymus as they circulate in the blood and lymph. Act directly against various antigens
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