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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is cladogenesis, what is anagenesis?
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Anagenesis->phyletic speciation (one species to another by change within a lineage)
Cladogenesis->branching evolution/new species arise of buds off (basis of biological diversity; new species are added to tree of life) |
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Review the Biological Species Concept.
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BSC-Critical criteria for identifying species is reproductive isolation
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Be able to differentiate between Premating/Prezygotic, Postmating/Prezygotic and Postzygotic barriers
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Premating/prezygotic->geographic tempural timing, habitat, and behavior
-prevents individuals of different species from mating Postmating/prezygotic->gametic-gametes wont fuse (sperm does not match egg); mechanical-"lock & key" female & male genitals don't fit Postzygotic barriers-> hybrid inviability (hybrids don't survive) Hybrid infertility-viable but infertile Hybrid F2 breakdown (2nd generation reproductively sterile) |
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What are the premating and postmating barriers? What are postzygotic barriers?
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geographic
temporal habitat behavioral |
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What is a hybrid?
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interbreeding between what looks like 2 good species resulting in formating of new species
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What is anagenesis? What is cladogenesis?
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Anagenesis->phyletic speciation (one species to another by change within a lineage)
Cladogenesis->branching evolution/new species arise of buds off (basis of biological diversity; new species are added to tree of life) |
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In very general terms what does the Biological Species Concept state about the nature of species?
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Species are populations that contain indivduals that mate with each other & produce fertile offspring
They are not reproductively isolated |
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What are some of the problems with the Biological Species?
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1>Not everything reproduces sexually
2>There are individuals that freely hybridize 3>Geography (nature dont match but may in lab) 4>Fossils 5>IOsolating mechanism secondary |
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Be able to define the terms sympatric and allopatric.
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Sympatric-> "together homeland" speciation occuring where gene flow is possible
Allopatric-> "different homeland" physical splitting of habitat isolates populations ex: earthquakes, mountain uplift -GENE FLOW IS NOT POSSIBLE |
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What is the phylogenetic species concept?
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Concept that species are best identified as the smallest monophyletic group of organisms
-interested in common ancestory, common evolutionary history |
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What is the morphological species concept?
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Researchers use to identify independent lineages by differences in size, shape, or other morphological features
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