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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 causes of erythroderma |
eczema, psoriasis, toxic shock syndrome |
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Complications of erythroderma |
Hypothermia, heart failure due to increased cardiac output, fluid loss, sepsis, capillary leak syndrome, hypoalbuminaemia |
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Pathophysiology of eczema |
Defect in filaggrin gene leading to transepidermal water loss and allows penetration of external irritants. |
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Type of hypersensitivity in eczema |
Type 1, IgE mediated |
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3 factors that exacerbate eczema |
S. Aureus Dietary factors - cows milk Irritants eg bubble bath |
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Histology of eczema |
Intercellular epidermal oedema/spongiosis |
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Mx eczema |
Emollients Topical steroids Oral flucloxacillin in infection If severe - (under specialist management) phototherapy, systematic corticosteroids, azathioprine, topical tacrolimus |
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Conditions associated with seborrhoeic dermatitis |
HIV, Parkinson's Disease |
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Fungus in seborrhoeic dermatitis |
Pityrosporum Yeast |
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Hypersensitivity in contact dermatitis |
Type 4 |
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Pathology of psoriasis |
Epidermal hyperproliferation and cutaneous inflammation |
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Describe guttate psoriasis |
Small widespread lesions roughly two weeks post strep throat |
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Management of psoriasis |
Emollients, topical vitamin D, coal tar Topical steroids, retinoids, dithranol Phototherapy DMARDs - MTX Biologics - infliximab |
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Describe the pathology of acne |
Chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous ducts accompanied by a dysfunctional relationship with P. Acnes. Increased sebum production, ducal hypercornification, cutaneous inflammation. |
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Mx of mild acne |
Topical benzyl peroxide, OCP, antiseptic wash |
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Mx moderate acne |
Tetracycline/6 month course Isotretinoin |
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Mechanism of Isotretinoin and 5 potential side effects |
Vitamin A derivative Teratogenesis, conjunctivitis, hepatitis, Hyperlipidaemia, mood disturbance |
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Features of rosacea |
Facial flushing, inflammatory papules and pustules, telangectasia. |
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Triggers for rosacea |
Alcohol, weather, coffee, spicy food |
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Mx of rosacea |
Oral tetracycline |
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Pathology of bullous pemphigoid |
Autoimmune attack on the hemidesmosone of the basement membrane leading to tense blisters. |
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Management of bullous pemphigoid |
Prednisolone and azathioprine |
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Conditions associated with dermatitis herpetiformis |
Coeliac disease Type 1 diabetes Autoimmune thyroid disease |
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ABCD in melanoma |
Asymmetry Border Colour Diameter (>6mm) |
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Scoring system in melanoma |
Breslow thickness Clark score |
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Difference between partial and full thickness burn |
Full thickness burn completely destroys the germinal layer |
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Superficial vs deep partial thickness burn |
Deep has damage to the dermal appendages |
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Stress reaction in burns |
Sodium and water retention Hypokalaemia Protein catabolism leading to negative nitrate balance |
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Calculation for fluid resus for burns (first 24 hours) |
4ml x weight x % burn area Give 1/2 in first 8 hours, then next half in next 16. (plus maintenance fluids). |
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Describe the rule of 9s |
9% head 9% each arm 1% perineum 18% front of torso 18% back of torso 18% each leg |
