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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the -ar verb endings in the preterite tense? |
-é -aste -ó -amos -asteis -aron |
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What are the -er/-ir verb endings in the preterite tense? |
-í -iste -ió -imos -isteis -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb hacer in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to hic-/ hiz- anduse one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb querer in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to quis- anduse one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb venir in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to vin- anduse one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb haber in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to hub- anduse one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb poder in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to pud- anduse one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb poner in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to pus- and use one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb saber in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to sup- and use one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb andar in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to anduv- and use one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb estar in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to estuv- and use one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb tener in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to tuv- and use one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron |
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How do you conjugate the verb decir in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to dij- and use one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -eron |
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How do you conjugate the verb traer in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to traj- and use one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -eron |
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How do you conjugate the verb conducir in the preterite tense? |
change the stem to conduj- and use one of the following endings: -e, -iste, -o, -imos, - isteis, -eron |
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Conjugate the verbs ser and ir in the preterite tense |
fui fuiste fue fuimos fuisteis fueron |
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Conjugate the verb dar in the preterite tense |
di diste dio dimos disteis dieron |
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Conjugate the verb ver in the preterite tense |
vi viste vio vimos visteis vieron |
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What are the -ar endings in the present tense? |
-o -as -a -amos -áis -an |
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What are the -er endings in the present tense? |
-o -es -e -emos -éis -en |
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What are the -ir endings in the present tense? |
-o -es -e -imos -ís -en |
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Conjugate the verb ser in the present tense |
soy eres es somos sois son |
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Conjugate the verb estar in the present tense |
estoy estás está estamos estáis están |
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Conjugate the verb ir in the present tense |
voy vas va vamos vais van |
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What is the yo form of the verb conocer v.s. the tú form? |
yo- conozco tú- conoces |
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What is the yo form of the verb dar v.s. the tú form? |
yo- doy tú- das |
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What is the yo form of the verb saber v.s. the tú form? |
yo- sé tú- sabes |
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What is the yo form of the verb ver v.s. the tú form? |
yo- veo tú- ves |
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What is the yo form of the verb hacer v.s. the tú form? |
yo- hago tú- haces |
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What is the yo form of the verb poner v.s. the tú form? |
yo- pongo tú- pones |
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What is the yo form of the verb salir v.s. the tú form? |
yo- salgo tú- sales |
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What is the yo form of the verb traer v.s. the tú form? |
yo- traigo tú- traes |
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Conjugate the verb querer (example of an -e to -ie stem changing verb) |
quiero quieres quiere queremos queréis quieren |
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Conjugate the verb poder (example of an -o to -ue stem changing verb) |
puedo puedes puede podemos podéis pueden |
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Conjugate the verb servir (example of an -e to -i stem changing verb) |
sirvo sirves sirve servimos servís sirven |
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What is the yo form of the verb decir? |
digo |
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What is the yo form of the verb tener? |
tengo |
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What is the yo form of the verb venir? |
vengo |
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When do you use the verb saber and not conocer? |
to talk to about factual information you know and to say yo know how to do something |
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When do you use the verb conocer and not saber? |
when you want to say that you are familiar with a person, place, or thing and to talk about meeting someone for the first time |
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When do you use ser and not estar? |
to indicate origin, to describe personal traits and physical characteristics, and to indicate professions (DOCTOR: descriptions, occupations, characteristics, time/date, origins, relationship) |
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When do you use estar and not ser? |
to indicate location and to describe conditions, such as how someone feels (PLACE: position, location, action [-ing form], condition, emotion) |
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How do you conjugate a reflexive pronoun and where does it go in reference to the verb? |
Conjugation: me, te, se, nos, os, se It appears before the conjugated reflexive verb |
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How do you compare differences between people and things? |
use either: más + adjective, adverb, or noun + que or menos + adjective, adverb, or noun + que |
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What do the following words mean when used in comparative language? mayor menor mejor peor |
mayor- older menor- younger mejor- better peor- worse |
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How do you compare similarities between people and things? |
use one of the following: tan + adjective or verb + como (as...as) or tanto (a, os, as) + noun + como (as many/ much...as) or tanto como (as much...as) |
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When do you use the imperfect tense? |
for actions that were ongoing, recurring, or incomplete in the past |
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What are the -ar endings for the imperfect tense? |
aba abas aba ábamos abais aban |
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What are the -er/-ie endings for the imperfect tense? |
-ía -ías -ía -íamos -íais -ían |
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Conjugate the verb ir in the imperfect tense. |
iba ibas iba íbamos ibais iban |
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Conjugate the verb ser in the imperfect tense. |
era eras era éramos erais eran |
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Conjugate the verb ver in the imperfect tense. |
veía veías veía veíamos veíais veían |
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When do you use the preterite tense instead of the imperfect tense? |
preterite tense is used to describe and action or series of actions completed in the past |
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When do you use the imperfect tense instead of the preterite tense? |
imperfect tense is used for ongoing actions or states of being in the past without focusing on their beginning or end and when you want to state the time or what the weather was like in the past |
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When (if at all) will both imperfect and preterite be used in the same sentence? |
both can be used in the same sentence but the imperfect will tell what was going on in the background while the preterite will be used for the interrupting action or main event |
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When do you use the affirmative tú command? |
to tell someone to do or not to do something |
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How are the affirmative tú commands formed? |
They are the same as the usted/él/ella form in the present tense |
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Conjugate the following verbs into the affirmative tú command: 1. decir 2. hacer 3. ir 4. poner 5. salir 6. ser 7. tener 8. venir |
1. di
2. haz 3. ve 4. pon 5. sal 6. sé 7. ten 8. ven |
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Conjugate the following verbs to the negative tú command: 1. dar 2. estar 3. ir 4. ser |
1. no des 2. no estés 3. no vayas 4. no seas |
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How do you form the command form of a verb for the usted, ustedes, and nosotros forms? |
conjugate the verb to the yo form, drop the -o, add the command endings |
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What are the -ar endings for the command form? |
usted: -e ustedes: -en nosotros: -emos |
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What are the -er/ -ir endings for the command form? |
usted: -a ustedes: -an nosotros: -amos |
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Endings -car, -gar, and -zar require spelling changes in command form. What do they change to? |
c to qu g to gu z to c |
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Where do you attach an object pronoun in relation to the affirmative command? |
to the end of the conjugated verb |
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Where do you place an object pronoun in relation to a negative command? |
before the conjugated verb and after the "no" |
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What rule must you remember if both of the object pronouns begin with the letter L? |
you have to change the indirect object pronoun to se example: "explícale to punto de vista a Raquel" changes to "explícaselo" |
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When using the command form of a reflexive verb with an object pronoun where does the reflexive pronoun go? |
the reflexive pronoun comes before the object pronoun example: "ponte las botas" changes to "póntelas", "no te pongas las botas" changes to "no te las pongas" |
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What is different with the nosotros command and the reflexive pronouns? |
you must drop the -s of the ending before adding the reflexive pronoun nos example: "organicemos una reunión" changes to "organicémonos" |
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Impersonal expressions combine the usted/él/ella form of what verb and a(n) what? |
the verb ser and an adjective |
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Does the verb ser have to be in a specific tense to be used in an impersonal expression? |
no it can be used in any tense: es, fue, era, va a ser |
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When forming an impersonal expression what is your "equation"? |
usted/él/ella form of ser + adjective + infinitive verb |
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How do you conjugate a future tense verb? |
infinitive verb form + future tense endings |
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What are the future tense endings? |
-é -ás -á -emos -éis -án |
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Conjugate these stems in the future tense: 1. haber 2. poder 3. querer 4. saber 5. poner 6. salir 7. tener 8. venir 9. decir 10. hacer |
1. habr- 2. podr- 3. querr- 4. sabr- 5. pondr- 6. saldr- 7. tendr- 8. vendr- 9. dir- 10. har- |
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Along with being used to tell the future the future tense can be used to describe what? |
wonder |
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When do you use por? |
to indicate: -the idea of passing through -general rather than specific location -how long something lasts -the cause of something -an exchange -doing something in place or instead of someone else -a means of completing an action |
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When do you use para? |
to indicate: - for whom something is done -destination -the recipient of an item -the purpose of an action -an opinion -a comparison or contrast -a deadline |
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How is the present subjunctive tense formed? |
start with the present tense yo form, drop the -o and add the -e to -ar verbs and -a to -er/ -ir endings |
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What are the -ar present subjunctive endings? |
-e -es -e -emos -éis -en |
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What are the -er/ -ir present subjunctive endings? |
-a -as -a -amos -áis -an |
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When in the present subjunctive you have to be careful of the following spelling errors: 1. -icar 2. -igar 3. -izar 4. -eger 5. -gui How do you fix these? |
1. -iqu 2. -igu 3. -ic 4. -ej 5. -g |
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Is the present subjunctive a mood or a tense? |
present subjunctive is more of a mood that reflects how the speaker feels about the action |
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Conjugate the verb dar in the subjunctive tense/mood. |
dé des dé demos deis den |
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Conjugate the verb estar in the subjunctive tense/mood |
esté estés esté estemos estéis estén |
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Conjugate the verb ir in the subjunctive tense/ mood |
vaya vayas vaya vayamos vayáis vayan |
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Conjugate the verb saber in the subjunctive tense/ mood |
sepa sepas sepa sepamos sepáis sepan |
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Conjugate the verb ser in the subjunctive tense/ mood |
sea seas sea seamos seáis sean |
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In the subjunctive form verbs ending in -ar/ -er have the same stem changes as in the ___ ___ tense. |
present indicative |
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What verb tense does no stem change in -__ do not stem change in the subjunctive form. |
-ir |
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How do you form a sentence with a verb of hope? |
conjugate the verb of hope into the indicative tense + que + differenct subject + subjunctive example: Ella quiere que su hijo se comporte bien. (she wants her son to behave well) |
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You can use the ___ and omit que if there is no subject change. |
infinitive example: el niño quiere comportarse bein (the boy wants to behave well) |
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What are the verbs of hope? |
desear, esperar, querer, adn ojalá |
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Ojalá is the one form that cannot be ___. Ojalá can be used with or without ___. Either way, it is used with the subjunctive. |
conjugated, que |
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How do you form a sentence using a verb of influence? |
verb of influence conjugated into the indicative + que + different subject + subjunctive Example: sugiero que llegues temprano (i suggest that you arrive early) |
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What are the verbs of influence? |
aconsejar dejar exigir insistir (en) mandar pedir prohibir recomendar sugerir |
