Spanish Culture Quiz 3

Front 1

Peninsular War

Back 1

After Godoy, who was corrupt and cunning, but surprisingly fell into Napoleon's trap, Spain has what is known as its Independence against the French invaders; a war based on the efforts of the common people (simple or "Pueblo") of Spain against highly trained troops of Napoleon; much of the war revolves around country and mountain side guerilla attacks and highly bloody, cruel scenes of urban battles (1808-1814) (captured in some of Goya's paintings

Front 2

Jose I

Back 2

Brother of Napoleon; "king" of Spain during Peninsular War; not a bad fella; progressive and patient; though never accepted by populace, considered outsider because he was Napoleons brother.

Front 3

Pepe Botella

Back 3

The Nickname of Jose I due to his Liking of frequent Consumption of Libations

Front 4

Gen Wellesley

Back 4

the Duke of Wellington; teamed up with Spanish guerrilla fighters to defeat Napoleon; in 1810 helps liberate Madrid from the frenchies

Front 5

Liberal Spain

Back 5

1812-1825ish; concept revolves around the two terms: Cortes De Cadiz and Constitution of 1812

Front 6

Cortes De Cadiz

Back 6

Comprised of liberal group thinkers, writers, intellectuals that form an ad hoc or provisional congress in the city of Cadiz in 1812; intend to address the question "after Napoleon, now what?"

Front 7

Constitution of 1812

Back 7

Major document produced by Cortes De Cadiz; based on the new constitution of the 13 colonies of North America; stresses importance of democratic participation, private property, unified national parliament; attempts to diminish religious, aristocratic and royal powers(however allows existence of parliamentary monarchy- intellectuals divided on this point; nicknamed "la Pepa"

Front 8

Criollos

Back 8

Refers to the upper class of latin America of all spanish blood and cultural heritage; that is born in latin America but of a deep profound concept of spanish heritage; nevertheless, in favor of independence from "la Madre Partia"

Front 9

Fernando VII

Back 9

Comes into rule after the defeat of Napoleon. Would prove himself to be an incredibly mean and sadistic Monarch; tortured and killed many members of Cortes Cadiz. Spains cruelest ruler. 1823-1833 known as "decada ominosa" or "dark Decade" (rules 1814-1833)

Front 10

Carlists/ First Carlist War

Back 10

After death of Fernando VII two groups struggle for power. the Carlists suport the brother of Fernando Don Carlos's claim to the throne; the Isabelinos and/or cristinos support Fernando's daughter Isabel and her claim to the throne. before dying Fernando VII names Isabel heir.

Front 11

Maria Cristina of Borbon

Back 11

4th wife of Fernando VII and his italian niece as well; open-minded, relatively liberal; dedicated to the interests of her daughter Isabella, for whom she was regent. (1833-43)

Front 12

Isabel II

Back 12

Queen of spain(1843-68) Cheerful, friendly; began rule at age 13; known as puta reina and nympho queen due to sexual appetite; advisors worried heir would arive before husbund; in act of desperation married Paquita

Front 13

Paquita

Back 13

Gay cousin and Husband of Isabel II who liked to wear lace and finery.

Front 14

Larra

Back 14

Great writer and journalist of Spanish Romanticism; famous for his social comentary of Spanish identity as the country of "casi" and "manana"; commited suicide

Front 15

Zorrilla

Back 15

Most Noted playwright of spanish Romanticism; famous for his theological version of Don Juan Tenorio; known as catholic romantic; eventually becomes director of Mexico's national theater.

Front 16

Becquer

Back 16

One of five top authors in the history of spanish literature; post-romantic; famous for "leyendas" and "Rimas"; similar to E.A. Poe; serve as literary censor of Isabel II

Front 17

Revolution of '68

Back 17

Fed up with suspect behavior, military grew tired of Isabel II and sent her packing in 1868; many hoped this would lead to republican form of government; Spain ruled by provisional and revolutionary form (1868-1871)

Front 18

Amadeus of Savoy

Back 18

Rules Spain 1871-73 after Spaniards decide they want monarchy afterall; however italian Savoy never connects with new countrymen, resigns leading to the first republic

Front 19

First Republic

Back 19

Spain's first attempt at democratic and republican form of government; a complete failure as it only lasts 11 months with four prime ministers.

Front 20

Alfonso XII

Back 20

After failure of First republic, son of Isabel II returns to Spain and Assumes the monarchy; the surprising normal and progressive Alfonso dies in Madrid of TB at age of 27 after visiting Earthquake victims; rules from 1874-85; regency of wife Maria Cristina lasts from 1885-1902

Front 21

Galdos

Back 21

Spain's best example of literary Realism; compared to Dickens, treatment of industrialized Madrid similar to Dicken's treatment of industrialized London

Front 22

1898

Back 22

Spanish-American war lasts only months; spain loses Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, Phillipines; helps launch the "American Century" and sparks a marked identity crisis among Spaniards

Front 23

Guadi

Back 23

Founder of "art Nouvea"(combines medieval and modern elements) designed a great variety of Urban Structures; Barcelona's Parc Guell; killed by a street car

Front 24

Picasso

Back 24

From Malaga; for many, the most important artist of 20th century; co-founder of cubanism with Braque; Most famous work is Guerncia, depicting the cruelties of war

Front 25

Sorolla

Back 25

From Valencia; Spain's best Impressionist artist; very popular scenes of Valencia, its country side and beach community.

Front 26

Falla

Back 26

Spent many years in Granada; Musical mentor of Garcia Lorca; Spain's most popular composer of 20th century

Front 27

Blasco Ibanez

Back 27

From Valencia; Prolific novelist; first spanish novelist to sell works to Hollywood; political activist and socio-cultural icon for many Valencians

Front 28

Generation of '98

Back 28

with the loss of territory during the Spanish-American war, emerges a group of writers and intellectuals to question past, present, future of Spanish Identity

Front 29

Unamuno

Back 29

From Basque; guiding figure of generation '98. philosopher, poet, writer, president of the U of Salamanca; True heavyweight of Spain's literary and Intellectual history

Front 30

Ortega Y Gasset

Back 30

Greatest Spanish Philosopher of 20th century; most famous for "La rebelion de las masas; predicted that 20th century would evolve in accordance to middle class cultural values and not the restrained values of the upperclass

Front 31

JR Jimenez

Back 31

Nobel Prize winning poet; Most famous work "Platero y yo" about a poet traveling spain with his donkey.

Front 32

Benavente

Back 32

Nobel Prize winning playwright; very popular; film consultant; films explore joys and pains of middle clas; Dr no finds his work dull

Front 33

Alfanso XIII

Back 33

King of Spain 1902-31; militaristic policies, in regards to spain holding north Africa; (where a young man named Franco was quickly moving up the ranks); liked to dress up in military uniforms

Front 34

General Primo De Rivera

Back 34

Director of Spain 1923-30; (known as enforcing "dictablanda" rather then dictadura) because he was against capital punishment; conducted political brainstorming at bars in Madrid; known for long siestas and nocturnal outings; died drunk in Paris.

Front 35

Generation of '27

Back 35

Bright new generation of literary/artistic figures: Lorca, Bunuel, Dali, Alberti- many lived at the residencia de estudiantes in madrid; broken up by civil war.

Front 36

Espronceda

Back 36

Most noted poet of Spanish Romanticism; rebel and punk; in college was involved in plot to topple Fernando VII; escapes death sentence due to fathers connections

Front 37

Lorca

Back 37

From small town near Granada. Spain's greatest literary figure of 20th century; executed in 1936 at beginning of civil war; spent a year at columbia University; traveled to Cuba, Argentina, Uruguay. Second to Cervantes in popularity and interest

Front 38

Bunuel

Back 38

From small town near Zaragoza; Spain's first high profile film director although he wanted to be agriculture engineer or boxer; embraced surrealism; exiled during much of the Franco years; thus made films in France and mexico

Front 39

Dali

Back 39

From Figueras; popular surrealist artist; famous and wealthy; tolerated by Franco; consultant for hollywood; liked by Disney and Hitchcock; close with Lorca

Front 40

La Nina Bonita/ Second Republic

Back 40

1931-36; at first a time of optimism but later tension, the radicalization of politics, polarization of spanish society; three distinct phases: left/socialist to moderate conservative to radical revolutionary left.

Front 41

Azana

Back 41

Radical Left prime minister of 2nd republic; arrogant, fat, ugly; anti-Catholic and religion; eventually influenced by Soviet Union; did more harm then good

Front 42

Falange

Back 42

Quasi-Facist party of Jose Antonio (son of gen primo de Rivera); goal to unite working class, rebuild glorious Spain; remained a legal party during Franco years

Front 43

National Front

Back 43

Coalition of conservative parties in the later stages of the second republic

Front 44

Popular Front

Back 44

Coalition of leftist parties during later stages of 2nd republic

Front 45

La Pasionaria

Back 45

Highly Crude, divisive, and inflammatory matroness of Spanish communist party during secon republic