Spanish Colonization Of The Philippines

Front 1

colonization

Back 1

process by which nation occupies and settles in territory belonging to another people

Front 2

colonialism

Back 2

system in which one nation exercises military, economic, and political control over another country's land, labor, liberty, life, legacy, and love

Front 3

conditions that allow for colonial oppression

Back 3

coercion and consent

Front 4

coercion

Back 4

force through military attacks/aggression and religious conversion

Front 5

consent

Back 5

over time, the people begin to accept the beliefs that are being forced upon them (colonial mentality)

Front 6

5 reasons for colonization

Back 6

imperialism,
complete control,
convert to catholicism,
resources,
trade

Front 7

Imperialism

Back 7

policy of extending rule/authority over another country and uniting its separate parts in order to control it as a single entity

Front 8

convert to catholocism

Back 8

1)Spanish used religion as tool for colonization

2)forced catholicism on the people "accept the cross or face the sword" --> Pilipinos suffering now in order to receive salvation later

3)used religion to engrain that Pilipino people's old ways were wrong -- no longer believed in multiple gods, women no longer had power in society

Front 9

resources

Back 9

bananas,
cocounts,
fish,
rice,
sugar,
iron,
copper,
silver

Front 10

trade

Back 10

philippine's location was ideal for trade

Front 11

King Philip II of Spain

Back 11

1)Philippines named after him (before - each region/province went by own separate names)
2)ordered Magellan to sail around the world for spices
3)wanted Philippines archipelago for colony of spain

Front 12

Ferdinand Magellan

Back 12

1)Portuguese explorer landed in Homonhon, Cebu on March 16, 1521
2)claimed Philippines as colony of Spain

Front 13

Types of Pilipino Magellan found when he arrived

Back 13

Negritas,
Malays,
Indones

Front 14

Negritas

Back 14

dark skinned, traveled by land bridges

Front 15

Malays

Back 15

average Pilipinos, traveled by boats

Front 16

Indones

Back 16

Tall, mestizo, traveled by boats

Front 17

Lapu Lapu

Back 17

1) Datu (ruling class leader/chief) of Mactan, Cebu
2) April 27, 1521, killed Magellan in battle (speculation since Americans write the history books they get to tell their version of the story)

Front 18

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

Back 18

1) Part of Magellan's ship crew and continued colonization of PI after his death
2) 1565 settled in Cebu -- first Spanish General/Governor of PI
3) went north to establish Manila as main port of Spanish Galleon Trade

Front 19

Spanish Galleon Trade

Back 19

trade system in 1565-1815

Front 20

Items traded in SGT

Back 20

gemstones,
spices,
porcelain,
slaves from PI

Front 21

Trade Route of SGT

Back 21

China --> Manila --> Acapulco, Mexico --> Spain

Front 22

Items China traded

Back 22

silk in Manila for Mexican silver

Front 23

Items Acapulco, Mexico traded

Back 23

Mexican silver for chinese silk in Manila
*All items passed through Mexico before reaching final destination in Spain

Front 24

Types of Pilipinos that Emerged during/after Spanish Colonization

Back 24

Highlands,
Lowlands,
Spanish Indio-Mestizo,
Chinese Indio-Mestizo,
Mountain regions of Luzon,
Muslim territories in Mindanao

Front 25

Highlands

Back 25

1) minority that resisted Spanish colonization
2) Fled to mountains to be safer from Spanish attack

Front 26

Lowlands

Back 26

1) Majority influenced by Spanish
2) Converted to Catholicism

Front 27

Spanish Indio-Mestizo

Back 27

-Higher status, socially exclusive made up of educated scholars of Manila

Front 28

Chinese Indio-Mestizo

Back 28

1) Blended with Pilipino rural cultures
2) Acquired large tracts of land through money lending
3) Important economic group of Filipino-Chinese emerged in Philippines and are still present today

Front 29

Mountain regions of Luzon

Back 29

still have tribal cultures today b/c they were not colonized by spanish (highlanders)

Front 30

Muslim territories of MIndanao

Back 30

1) Not Christianized
2) Remained in same autonomous region from precolonial times until today
3) Spanish unsuccessfully attacked these territories
4) Sultan of Sulu -- able to negotiate treaties; still misunderstandings in communication but still able to avoid spanish aggression

Front 31

Spanish colonization lasted for ____ years and ended with _____.

Back 31

300 years,
Spanish American War