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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Verb Conjugations
Present Tense AR |
o
as a amos áis an |
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Verb Conjugations
Present Tense ER |
o
es e emos éis en |
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Verb Conjugations
Present Tense IR |
o
es e imos ís en |
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Verb Conjugations
Preterite Tense AR |
é
aste ó amos asteis aron |
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Verb Conjugations
Preterite Tense ER/IR |
í
iste ió imos isteis ieron |
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Verb Conjugations
Imperfect Tense AR |
aba
abas aba ábamos abais aban |
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Verb Conjugations
Imperfect Tense ER/IR |
ía
ías ía íamos íais ían |
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Verb Conjugations
Present Progressive |
ESTAR
+ -ando (AR) or -iendo (ER/IR) |
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Chapter 6
Saber |
sé
sabes sabe sabemos sabéis saben To know specific facts, how to do something, and information |
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Chapter 6
Conocer |
conozco
conoces conoce conocemos conocéis conocen To know of or about people, places, and things |
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Chapter 6
Direct Object Pronouns |
me
te lo/la nos os los/las Used to replace the direct object within a sentence - answers questions "who?" or "what?" |
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Chapter 6
The Personal "a" |
"A" precedes the direct object within a sentence when it refers to a specific person or group of persons.
Example: Vamos a visitar a nuestros abuelos. Example: Necesitan a sus padres. |
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Chapter 6
Talking about what you have just done |
ACABAR + DE + INF
acabo acabas acaba acabamos acabáis acaban |
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Chapter 6
Negation |
something/anything - algo
nothing/not anything - nada someone/anyone - alguien no one/nobody - nadie some/any - algún(a/os/as) none/not any - ningún(a/os/as) always - siempre never - nunca also - también niether - tampoco |
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Chapter 6
Forming Formal Commands |
Put in the Yo form
Drop the -o Add opposite ending |
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Chapter 6
Formal Commands |
ENDINGS
AR - e/en ER/IR - a/an *Stem change verbs still stem change in formal commands |
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Chapter 6
Formal Commands and Direct Objects |
Affirmative - DO follow command and accent is added
Negative - DO follows "NO" and precedes command |
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Chapter 7
Indirect Objects |
me
te le nos os les Replaces the indirect object within a sentence - answers the question "for whom?" or "to whom?" |
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Chapter 7
Indirect Objects (Specifics) |
Placed directly before a conjugated verb or attached to an infinitve
The IOs le and les are often clarified in the sentence by using the personal "a" and the object(s) |
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Chapter 7
Gustar |
(A + Noun/Pronoun)
+ Indirect Object + GUSTAR + Noun/infinitive/phrase Used to describe likes and dislikes |
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Chapter 7
Would Like |
Gustaría(n)
Uses same form as Gustar |
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Chapter 7
Verbs that are used in same way as Gustar |
Encantar (to love)
Molestar (to bother) Interesar (to interest) Fascinar (to fascinate) Importar (to matter) Parecer (to seem) Faltar (to be missing) *NOTE: Odiar (to hate) is not used like Gustar! It is used like a normal verb. |
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Chapter 7
Irregular Preterite Endings |
ENDINGS
-car changes to qu -gar changes to gu -zar changes to c *NOTE: These changes occur only in the Yo form |
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Chapter 8
Emphatic Endings |
Add -ísimo to the end of words to add extreme emphasis
If word ends in consonant, add ending If word ends in vowel, drop vowel and add ending I word ends in c, g, or z drop last two letters, add qu, gu, or c and then add regular ending |
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Chapter 8
Preterite Tense (Specifics) |
Stem change verbs that end in AR and ER do not stem change in the preterite
Stem changes verbs that end in IR do change in the preterite, but only in the third person singular and plural forms E to IE/I verbs change to I O to UE verbs change to U |
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Chapter 8
Direct and Indirect Objects Together |
When DO and IO pronouns are used together, IO precedes DO both before a conjugated verb and after an infinitve
When le/les is used with lo/la/los/las, le/les becomes SE |
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Chapter 9
Superlatives |
An adjective or adverb phrase that is used to express an extreme
el/la/los/las + NOUN + más/menos + ADJECTIVE + de el/la/los/las + mejor(es)/peor(es) + NOUN + de |
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Chapter 9
Interrogative Words |
How - Cómo
When - Cuándo At what time - A qué hora What/Which - Qué What/Which one - Cuál Why - Por qué Where - Dónde From where - De dónde Where to - Adónde How much - Cuánto(a) How many - Cuántos(as) Who - Quién(es) Whose - De quién(es) |
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Uses of Preterite (Review)
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Used to describe actions that happened at a specific time in the past
Describes actions that only occured once |
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Uses of Imperfect (Review)
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Describes habitual past actions that did not happen once in the past and are not happening in the present
Also used to express descriptions, time, age, emotions, and weather |
