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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the minimum speed an object must have to free itself from gravitational pull?
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escape velocity
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What is the push or pull on an object?
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force
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What is the amount of matter in an object?
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mass
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What is the line dividing the lighted side of the moon from the dark side?
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terminator
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What are the bright streaks on the surface of the moon?
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rays
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What is a shape formed by a dark area on the moon called?
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mare
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What is a long, narrow valley on the moon's surface?
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rill
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What is the point of the moon's closest approach to the earth?
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perigee
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What is the most distant point of the moon's orbit?
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apogee
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What is the phase of the moon when it is positioned in its orbit between the sun and the earth and is not visible because of the sun's glare?
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new moon
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What is the increasing phase of the moon, during the week following the new moon, when its illuminated portion appears as a thin, gradually thickening crescent?
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waxing crescent
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What are the horns of a crescent moon that always point away from the sun?
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cusp (lunar)
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What is the sunlight that is reflected from the earth to the moon and back again?
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earthshine
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What is the phase of the moon when the western half of the moon is lighted and the eastern half is dark?
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first quarter
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What is the increasing phase of the moon, during the second week following the first quarter, when the illuminated portion is gradually enlarging toward a full moon?
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waxing gibbous
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What is the lunar phase in which the moon's entire near side is lighted?
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full moon
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What is the name of the full moon nearest the autumnal equinox (September 22)?
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harvest moon
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What is the next full moon after the harvest moon?
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hunter's moon
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What is the decreasing phase of the moon, following a full moon, when the illuminated disk gradually diminishes to the third quarter?
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waning gibbous
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What is the phase of the moon in which the eastern half is lighted and the western half is dark? It is also called the last quarter.
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third quarter
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What is another name for the third quarter of the moon?
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last quarter
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What is the decreasing phase of the moon during the last week of the lunar cycle?
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waning crescent
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What results when the moon comes between the earth and the sun?
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solar eclipse
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What happens when the moon covers the sun's entire disk during a solar eclipse?
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total eclipse
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What type of eclipse happens when the moon covers only part of the sun's disk and the observer is in the prenumbra of the moon's shadow?
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partial eclipse
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What kind of eclipse happens when the moon is near its apogee and a ring-shaped portion of the sun's disk shows around the moon?
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annular eclipse
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During a total eclipse, what are the bright pinpoints of light caused by sunlight shining through valleys at the moon's edge?
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Baily's beads
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During a total eclipse, what is it called when there is a last bright sparkling bead along the remaining thin solar crescent?
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diamond ring effect
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What is it called when the moon passes into the earth's shadow?
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lunar eclipse
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What is the name of the theory that suggests that at one time the moon was an independent planet orbiting the sun?
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capture theory
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What is the naturalistic theory of the origin of the moon suggesting that somehow the moon split away from the earth when the earth was still molten?
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fission theory
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What theory suggests that the moon accumulated from a cloud of dust or gas?
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accretion theory
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What is a naturalistic theory for the origin of the moon that suggests that matter in the moon was once a part of the earth, but a collision with another celestial object ejected the matter from the earth and some of the matter coalesced and went into orbit around the earth as the moon?
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impact theory
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