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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In what galaxy is our sun located?
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Milky Way
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In what form of energy is 93% of the sun's energy emitted? They include visible light, x-rays, and radio waves.
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electromagnetic waves
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What are tiny particles of matter that travel at the speed of light and have the ability to penetrate huge thicknesses of ordinary matter - even the entire earth itself? This makes up 7% of the energy emitted by the sun.
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neutrino
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What is the distance from the crest (top) of one wave to the crest of the next?
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wavelength
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What is the tool astronomers use to "fingerprint" the light coming from stars and planets? This helps astronomers determine what elements are present.
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spectroscope
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What are the wavelengths that compose the light from an object?
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spectrum
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What is used in a modern spectroscope to separate light into its different wavelengths? It is a thin plate of glass or plastic containing thousands of microscopic lines.
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diffraction grating
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What is the superheated, ionized matter that the sun is made of? It can't be classified as a solid, liquid, or gas.
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plasma
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Atoms that have lost or gained one or more electrons and thus carry an electrical charge are called what?
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ionized
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What is the visible surface of the sun called?
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photosphere
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What are the bumps on the surface of the sun that are caused by hotter plasma bubbling up from the sun's interior to the photosphere?
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granules
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What are the small, dark areas that appear on the sun's surface?
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sunspots
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What is the edge of the sun called?
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limb
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What is the dark, central region of a sunspot?
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umbra
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What is the lighter surrounding border of a sunspot?
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preumbra
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What is a severe storm on the sun?
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solar flare
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What is the energy given off by a solar flare?
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radiation
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What is the layer of gases that forms the innermost layer of the sun's atmosphere?
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chromosphere
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What is the outer portion of the sun's atmosphere that becomes the solar wind? It is extremely hot, low-density, and large.
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corona
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What is the instrument used to observe the corona of the sun by creating an artificial eclipse?
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coronagraph
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What are the pointed jets of gasses from the top of the sun's chromosphere called?
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spicules
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What is a large, bright, spot in the sun's photosphere? It is usually near a sunspot. It is when plagues emit light in multiple wavelengths.
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facula
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What are the high-speed particles from the sun's corona (mostly protons and electrons) that travel outward into space?
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solar wind
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What is an immense streamerlike disturbance that rises into the corona and then gradually falls back?
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prominence
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What is the innermost section of the sun where most of the thermonuclear reactions occur?
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core
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What is the middle zone of the sun's interior?
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radiative zone
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In what form is the electromagnetic energy in the radiative zone?
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photon
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What besides density is so great in the sun's core that there is very little movement of the plasma particles?
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pressure
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What is the outermost region of the sun's interior?
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convective zone
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What is the energy received by the earth from the sun?
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solar energy
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What device is used to convert the sun's energy directly to electricity?
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photovoltaic (PV) cell
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