Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Physical definition of sound
|
Sound is pressure changes in the air or other medium.
|
|
Perceptual definition of sound
|
Sound is the experience we have when we hear.
|
|
Loudspeakers produce sound by...
|
The diaphragm of the speaker moving out and in.
|
|
Compression
|
Pushing the air molecules together.
|
|
Rarefaction
|
Pulling the air molecules apart.
|
|
In a resulting soundwave, molecules move...
|
Forward & backward.
|
|
Amplitude
|
Difference in pressure between high & low peaks of wave.
|
|
Decibel (dB)
|
The measure of amplitude, also called sound pressure, sound level, or level.
|
|
Decibels are a measure of the...
|
physical stimulus (sound pressure), NOT loudness (the resulting perception).
|
|
Pure tone
|
A sinusoidal waveform
|
|
Pressure
|
varies as a sine wave for a pure tone.
|
|
Frequency
|
The number of cycles/sec or Hertz (Hz).
|
|
Amplitude
|
The magnitude of the pressure wave, measured in dB.
|
|
Loudness
|
The perceptual correlate of amplitude.
|
|
Using magnitude estimation...
|
Loudness increases nearly linearly with dB.
|
|
Pitch
|
A psychological experience related to the temporal frequency of vibrations of the air hitting the eardrum.
|
|
1 Hz =
|
one cycle per second
|
|
Tone height
|
The increase in pitch that happens when the fundamental frequency of a note is increased.
|
|
Tone chroma
|
Notes with the same letter name (separated by octaves).
|
|
Each octave is...
|
A doubling of frequency.
|
|
Pure tones
|
Periodic (repeating)
|
|
Complex tones
|
May or may not be periodic
|
|
Periodic complex tones
|
Consist of a # of pure tones called harmonics
|
|
Fundamental frequency
|
The overall repetition rate
|
|
Additional harmonics
|
Multiples of the fundamental frequency
|
|
Additive (Fourier) synthesis
|
Process of adding harmonics to create complex tones
|