South American Dance

Front 1

Candomble

Back 1

Afro-Brazilian spirit possession religion, base in Yoruba religious rituals created in Africa. Helped 3.5 million slaves retain their culture in South America. Based on trances and possessions

Front 2

Terreiro

Back 2

Temples where Candombles are performed

Front 3

Orishas

Back 3

Yoruban deities disguised as Catholic Saints in order to protect the rituals

Front 4

Yoruba Holidays

Back 4

Often moved to match the Christian holidays

Front 5

Oro

Back 5

Public Candombles, point of them being to draw the gods to the place in offering of possession and trances. Priests and Priestess inherit their titles

Front 6

Yemanja

Back 6

Virgin Mary, fluid movements.

Front 7

Ogun

Back 7

Saint George, emphasis on stomping

Front 8

Legba

Back 8

Saint Peter

Front 9

Samba

Back 9

National dance of Brazil, derived from umbigada, a traditional dance of central Africa. Done in a circle and solo dancer will be featured in the middle. Ring Samba

Front 10

Carnival

Back 10

Holiday in Brazil, celebrated just before Lent and has a three stage history.
- Pagan foundation: associated with Saturnalia
- Christian Incarnation: began in Italy, still celebrated in Venice
- Vehicle for Afro-Brazilian heritage search and rebirth

Front 11

Samba Schools

Back 11

Communities in Rio that compete each year during Carnival parades

Front 12

Samba Enredo

Back 12

Narrative Samba created for Samba schools especially seen in Rio de Janerro

Front 13

Samba No Pe

Back 13

Female soloist style of Samba, seen at Carnival parades

Front 14

Sambadrome

Back 14

1/2 miles stadium that holds 65,00 people for viewing of the Carnival parades

Front 15

Polyrhythmic movement

Back 15

Different parts of the body moving to different rhythms at the same time

Front 16

Grupo Cultural Olodum

Back 16

Samba dance school that performs in the Carnival

Front 17

Capoeira

Back 17

Afro-Brazilian dance/martial arts game originating in Brazil. Primarily passed down through relatives until schools encouraged everyone to learn. Was originally a dance of the low classes but spread to middle and upper. Defense system the provided protection for their African culture. Non-violent dance, made for players to be in harmony

Front 18

Post Abolition Capoeira (1888) and Ruffianism

Back 18

More hostile aspect of the dance broke out. Newly freed people did not have the skills to obtain jobs in the city, so they joined gangs that participated in anti-governmental criminal activities, known as ruffianism

Front 19

Dance Outlawed

Back 19

Dance was outlawed in 1890 because of the ruffianism and continued secretly. There was a belief that the dance was outlawed to suppress African culture and prevent African slaves from gathering since capoeira meams "low class"

Front 20

Cavalaria

Back 20

Music that was played to warn performers that the police were coming. Prevented people from being arrested.

Front 21

Capoeira Regional (modern)

Back 21

faster, more martial arts, rougher movements

Front 22

Mestre Bimba

Back 22

creator of the regional style, started with traditional base and added on, him and his students performed in front of the governor of Bahia and managed to have the ban on the dance lifted.

Front 23

Capoeira Anglo (traditional)

Back 23

strategic, low to the ground movements

Front 24

Mestre Pastinha

Back 24

philosopher of Capoeira, believed it was a dance for everyone, learned dance at age 8 and performed for the last time at age 92. Opened first traditional school of Capoeira.

Front 25

Roda

Back 25

means wheel or circle and consists of all the players of the dance (players, musicians, singers). Everyone takes turns performing all the roles

Front 26

Capoeiristas

Back 26

players/performers

Front 27

Bateria

Back 27

Musical accompaniment

Front 28

Ginga

Back 28

dance step, movement of feet in a triangular pattern

Front 29

Axe

Back 29

Good, positive feeling of the music

Front 30

Danzon

Back 30

dance seen in Cuba after the Haitian Revolution in the 18th century. Made of French Contredanse and Spanish Contredanza.

Front 31

Son

Back 31

19th century dance of African origin, couples dance of Oriente Providence

Front 32

Montuno

Back 32

originally the last part of Son, a fast persussion section

Front 33

Son-Montuno

Back 33

combination of several cultural aspects that formed the ballroom dance of Salsa, constitutes of Cha Cha Cha and Mambo.

Front 34

Rumba

Back 34

National dance of Cuba, originally danced by poorer classes, variation of the dance depending on region.

Front 35

Yambu

Back 35

Dance of seduction, "box rumba" after the box drums played

Front 36

Guaguanco

Back 36

Called the "chase", danced by couples, pelvic thrust movements

Front 37

Columbia

Back 37

male soloists, the fastest of all three, displays male prowess, dance competition

Front 38

Giribilla

Back 38

Extremley fast tempo, "bebop" of the rumbas

Front 39

Batarumba

Back 39

latest innovations, named after the drums played, includes Santeria movemetns

Front 40

Rumba del Tiempo de Espana

Back 40

Old people's rumba

Front 41

Pisao steps

Back 41

masculine steps

Front 42

Rumba Styles

Back 42

De salon (ballroom)
Del campo (traditional)

Front 43

Matancera

Back 43

more country like

Front 44

Habanera

Back 44

Urban style

Front 45

Santiaguera

Back 45

East Cuban

Front 46

Zapateo

Back 46

Spanish couple dance with emphasis on the sound ing of the feet

Front 47

Rites of Vodunsi

Back 47

Presenting an animal's life in order to attract the spirit world, basis of VooDoo

Front 48

Zafra

Back 48

Sugarcane harvest, celebrated twice a year. Sugarcane is one of Cuba's biggest exports

Front 49

Sabdo de le rumba

Back 49

Rumba Saturday, often celebrated with Zafra

Front 50

Cabildos

Back 50

brotherhoods dedicated to preserving African culture

Front 51

Santeria

Back 51

worship of Yoruban deities called orichas, similar to Candombles.

Front 52

Rumba Props

Back 52

Scarfs, Knives, and Bottles