Sound Glossary

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Group 404

Berenice Hernández

A01570266

Hertz

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It is a frequency unit that equals the repetition of a phenomenon whose period is a second.

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Frequency

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It is the number of cycles that happen in a second.

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Echolocation

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It is the location of an object through the reflection of sound waves. It is used by some animal.

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Infrasound

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It is a sound whose vibration frequency is lower than the one.

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Ultrasound

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The sound whose frequency of vibrations is superior to the highest limit percieved by the human ear.

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Sound

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The sensation produced in the hearing organ by the vibrational movement of the bodies that is transmitted through an elastic means.

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Elasticity

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Is the characteristic that a material has to recover its extension and shape when a force that deformed it stops being put on it.

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Acoustics

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It is a branch of physics that studies the sound production, transmission, storing, perception and reproduction.

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Transducer

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It is the equipment that transforms a type of energy into another one and may work as a recipient or as a generator.

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Tuning fork

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It is a voice and instrument regulator that consists of a steel sheet folded as a hook with a foot and when it is hit, it represents 435 vibrations per second.

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Compression

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It is the effort that an object is subject to bby the action of two opposing forces that tend to dimish its volume.

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Refraction

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It is the change in direction of the sound wave due to a variation of the means of scattering.

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Cycle

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It is the complete sequence of a periodic vibration. It goes from refraction to compression.

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Period

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it is the period of time that happens in a cycle.

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Sound wave

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Number of sound waves per second.

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Wave length

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It is the distance that the sound goes over in a complete cycle of change in pressure and it is the physical measure of a cycle's length.

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Amplitude

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It is the distance between a balance point and the highest wave point.

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Tone

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it is the subjective perception of frequency. There are high tones and low tones. In order to measure them, we use hertz.

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Decibel

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It is a measuring unit that compares the minimum that human can hear (0dB) against the level we want to measure.

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Absorption

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It is the process in which sound is absorbed by an object when crashing against it.

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Reflection

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It is the quantity of acoustic energy that will change direction when it crashes against the edge of an object.

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Refraction

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It is the change in direction of the sound wave due to a variation of the means of scattering.

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Bitrate

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It is the transmission rate. It refers to the number of bits that is transmitted in a unit of time, usually kilobits per second.

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Codecs

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It means coder-decoder. It is software that consists on an algorithm to compress and decompress video in real time. Its use doesn't interfere with the playing speed. There are also codecs for audio files.

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Wrappers

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It is the way of organizing information related to digital audio that is not part of the sound per se such as headlines, artwork, encoding configurations, etc. A wrapper can use different codecs.

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WAV

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Sound format created and used by Windows.(n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2015, from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/wav

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AIFF

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Short for Audio Interchange File Format; created by Apple for storing and transmitting sampled music. AIFF. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2015, from http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/AIFF.html

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CDA

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CDA are not audio files, they are a way created by Windows to allow you access to an Audio CD.

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MP3

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Format for creating small sound files.(n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2015, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mp3

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AAC

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Stands for Advanced Audio Coding; it is a lossy compression for audio files.What is AAC, what is AAC format made for, Convert Video/DVD to AAC format. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2015, from http://www.winxdvd.com/resource/aac.htm

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MIDI

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Stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface; it allows the communication of digital instruments and other tools.What is MIDI? (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2015, from http://www.instructables.com/id/What-is-MIDI/

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Audacity

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Software for recording and editing audio.Audacity: Free Audio Editor and Recorder. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2015, from http://audacity.sourceforge.net/

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Garage Band

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Software in which you can play digital instruments, record ,and edit audio.GarageBand for iOS. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2015, from https://www.apple.com/ios/garageband/

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Monaural Sound

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It is given when an audio is stored in one single channel and it lacks spatial sensation. It is also called mono.

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Stereophonic Sound

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It is also called stereo sound. It is stored in two channels that can be reproduced in different loudspeakers and simulate the sensation of listening on one single side (left or right)

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Surround sound

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Sound output designed for the listener to be able to hear the sound in a range of 360 degrees.Surround sound. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2015, from http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/surround_sound.html

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Streaming

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Type of reproduction in which it is not necessary to download the file to a device, it makes the reproduction faster and more direct for the user.