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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the theories and techniques of descriing, grouping, and naming living things
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Taxonomy
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all individuals and populations of a particular type of organism that can interbreed with one another
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Species
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similarity of biological structures that results from evolution from a common ancestor
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Homologies
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similarity in form or function that is not a result of evolution from a common ancestor but is evidence of covergent evolution (similair environmental pressures)
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Analogies
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a systematic method of classification that relies on shared characteristics no founding other organisms
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Cladistics
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in taxonomy, a group of related orders
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Class
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the two-part Latin name of a species
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Scientific name
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the two-word naming system used in taxonomy, consisting of the Latin genus and species names of an organism
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Binomial nomenclature
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a taxonomic group composed of similair phyla or divisions; the system used in this book divides all living things into five kingdoms
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Kingdom
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in taxonomy, a group of similair classes; equal in the taxonomic hierarchy to a phylum
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Divisions
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in taxonomy, a group of related classes; equivalent to a division for plants
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Phylum
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a systematic method of classifications that uses similarities based on phenotypic characteristics, giving equal importance to all characteristics
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Phenetics
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in taxonomy, a group of related species
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Genus
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in taxonomy, a group of related genera
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Family
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in taxonomy, a group of related families
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Order
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a kingdom of heterotrophic organisms that develop spores; fungi feed by absorbing, rather than ingesting, other organic matter; many are decomposers
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Fungi
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capable of movement from place to place; describes most animals
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Motile
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a chordate animl with a backbone; includes mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.
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Vertebrates
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any organism of the phylum Arthropoda; includes organisms such as insects, arachnids, and crustaceans that have jointed exoskeletons
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Arthropods
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the animal kingom
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Animalia
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bacterial group including the cyanobacteria; sometimes called “true bacteria,” they differ from archaebacteria in their ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA in other ways
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Eubacteria
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domain of bacterial species proposed by Carl Woese on the basis of RNA analysis
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Archea
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a kingdom of mostly aquatic, mostly unicellular eukaryotes
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Protista
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one-celled mobile protists
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Protozoa
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the plant kingdom
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Plantae
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