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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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one of two or more possible forms of a gene
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allele
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a display of the image of a set of chromosomes sorted by a number
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karyotype
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the total genetic content of a haploid cell from any given species; the full set of genes in any individual
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genome
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the chance that an event will occur, the number of times an event is expected to occur divided by the total number of opportunities for the event to occur
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probability
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a genetic cross between two individuals differing in one trait
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monohybrid cross
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the parental organism in a genetic cross
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parental (P) generation
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the frist generation of hybrid offspring in a genetic cross
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F1 (first filial) generation
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F1
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first filial generation
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referring to an allele that masks the presence of another allele of the same gene in a heterozygous organism
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dominant
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a trait whose expression is masked in a heterozygous organism
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recessive
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the principle stating that homologous chromosomes, with the genes they carry, separate into different gametes during meiosis such that the two alleles for a given trait each appear in a different gamete
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principle of segregation
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the genetic makeup of an organism
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genotype
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having two identical alleles for a given trait
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homozygous
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having two different alleles for the same trait
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heterozygous
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the expression of a genotype in the appearance or function of an organism; an observed or physical trait
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phenotype
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offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation
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F2 (second filial) generation
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F2
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second filial generation
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cross between individuals differing in two alleles
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dihybrid
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the principle stating that the inheritance of alleles residing on one pair of chromosomes does not affect the inheritance of alleles on a different pair of chromosomes
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principle of independent assortment
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the pattern of gene expression in which the phenotype of a heterozygous individual is intermidiate between those of the parents
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incomplete dominance
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the condition in which both allelesin a heterozygous organism are expressed
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codominant
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the existence of several alleles of a gene
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multiple alleles
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a blood protein produced in response to an antigen, with which it combines specifically
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antibodies
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a trait whose gene is carried on the X chrosomes (the female sex chromosomes, as compared to the male Y chromosome)
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X-linked trait
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failure of a pair of homologous chromosomes or chromatid pairs to separate during meiosis or mitosis
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nondisjunction
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referring to control of the expression of a trait by several genes and environmental factors
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multifactorial
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X chromosome
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female
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Y chromosome
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male
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