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197 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Semillon - where from
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From Bordeaux region of France, has flavors similar to Sauv Blanc but more subtle and tends to have a distinct
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Viognier - where from
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Rhone, popular alternative to Chardonnay in California. Produces a perfumed white wine with apricot, peach, apple and pear fruit with floral notes.
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Regional Flavor hint: Alsace white
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High alcohol and acidity
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Regional Flavor hint: White Burgundy
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Hazelnuts
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Regional Flavor hint: Soave, Veneto
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Almonds
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Regional Flavor hint: Beaujolais
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Bubble-gum, bananas
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Regional Flavor hint: Mature Rhone
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Gamay
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Regional Flavor hint: California Reds
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Fruit, soft tannins
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Regional Flavor hint: New Zealand Whites
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Fruit forward, crisp
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Regional Flavor hint: Chablis
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Wet stone
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Regional Flavor hint: Sancerre
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Flinty
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Regional Flavor hint: Champagne
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Yeasty bread
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Regional Flavor hint: Northern Rhone
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Blackberry, leather
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Regional Flavor hint: California Whites
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Light, acidity, toasty, oak, forward fruit
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Wine VS cigar service
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Cigars served from the left, wine from the right
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Who regulates the wine labels in the US?
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TTB (Tax and Trade Bureau
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Label types in the US
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1. Monopole (Fume Blanc)
2. Varietal (Cab Sauv) 3. Generic (California Champagne) 4. Geographical (Burgundy) |
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The wine room should be
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1. Dark
2. Well ventilated 3. Insulated 4. Temp controlled to 55F 5. Bins should be sturdy 6. Laid down on sides, labels up 7. Secured against rolling 8. Identify the bins with numbers |
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What is the difference between French and American oak?
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French oak has more tannins and more flavor components and has a less obviously oaky flavor and smell than American oak. American oak has a more aggressive mouth feel and immediately apparent aroma. American oak contains more Vanillin.
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Alsace grapes (7)
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Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Gewurtaminer, Silvaner, Muscadet
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Loire grapes (7)
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Cabernet Franc, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Pinot Noir, Gamay, Melon de Bourgogne, Gros Plant
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Loire areas (5)
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Upper Reaches, Central Loire, Touraine, Anjou Saumur, Pays Nantais
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Menetou-Salon grape (2)
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Sauv Blanc, Pinot Noir
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Touraine grape (4)
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Sauv Blanc, Chenin Bl, Gamay, Cab Franc
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Vouvray grape
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Chenin Blanc
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Chinon grape (1)
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Cabernet Franc
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Bourgueil grape (1)
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Cab Franc
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4 Prime grapes of Alsace
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Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Muscat, Pinot Gris
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Saumur grape (2)
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Chenin Blanc, Cab Franc
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Anjou grape (4)
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Chenin Blanc, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Gamay
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Muscadet grape
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Melon de Bourgogne
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Cote de Nuit Village grape
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Pinot Noir
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Cote de Beaune Village grape
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Pinot Noir
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Montagny, Burgundy grape
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Chardonnay
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Maconnais grape (2)
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Gamay or Chardonnay
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Macon grape
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Chardonnay
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Provence grapes (8)
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Grenache, Carignane - roses, reds
Cab Sauv, Syrah, Mourvedre - reds Semillon, Rolle, Sauv Blanc - white |
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Languedoc-Rousillon grapes (6)
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Carignan, Cinsault, Grenache, Cab Sauv, Syrah, Mourvedre
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Cotes du Rousillon wine color
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red only
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Cotes du Rousillon Village wine color
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red, roses, whites allowed
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Remuage
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the bottles are shaken daily and gradually turned and tipped until they are upside down and the impurities (sediment) have settled onto the bottom of the cork. This procedure, called riddling, or remuage, has been largely mechanized since the 1970s.
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Remontage
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The process of pumping the fermenting grape juice over the cap during cuvaison
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AOC
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Appellation d'origine contrôlée
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Savennières - where and grape
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Loire, Chenin blanc grape
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Pouilly sur Loire grape
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Chasselas
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Vendange tardive
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A dessert wine in Alsace and else where in France. Late harvest.
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White Hermitage grapes (2)
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Marsanne, Roussanne
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White St-Peray grapes (2)
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Marsanne, Roussanne
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White Crozes-Hermitage grapes (2)
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Marsanne, Roussanne
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N. Rhone grapes (4)
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Syrah (only red), Viognier, Roussanne, Marsanne
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S. Rhone grapes (7)
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Syrah, Grenache, Cinsault, Mourvedre, Roussanne, Clairette, Ugni Blanc
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Key wines of N.Rhone (8)
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Cote-Rotie, Condrieu, Saint-Joseph, Chateau Grillet, Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage, Cornas, St-Peray
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Key wines of S.Rhone (7)
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Cotes du Rhone, Rotes du Rhone-Village, Chateauneauf-du-Pape, Tavel, Gigondas, Lirac, Vacqueyras
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White Hermitage grapes (2)
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Marsanne, Roussanne
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White St-Peray grapes (2)
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Marsanne, Roussanne
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White Crozes-Hermitage grapes (2)
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Marsanne, Roussanne
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N. Rhone grapes (4)
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Syrah (only red), Viognier, Roussanne, Marsanne
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S. Rhone grapes (7)
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Syrah, Grenache, Cinsault, Mourvedre, Roussanne, Clairette, Ugni Blanc
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White Hermitage grapes (2)
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Marsanne, Roussanne
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White St-Peray grapes (2)
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Marsanne, Roussanne
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White Crozes-Hermitage grapes (2)
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Marsanne, Roussanne
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N. Rhone grapes (4)
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Syrah (only red), Viognier, Roussanne, Marsanne
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S. Rhone grapes (7)
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Syrah, Grenache, Cinsault, Mourvedre, Roussanne, Clairette, Ugni Blanc
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Key wines of N.Rhone (8)
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Cote-Rotie, Condrieu, Saint-Joseph, Chateau Grillet, Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage, Cornas, St-Peray
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Key wines of S.Rhone (7)
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Cotes du Rhone, Rotes du Rhone-Village, Chateauneauf-du-Pape, Tavel, Gigondas, Lirac, Vacqueyras
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Cote Rotie - where, grape
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N.Rhone
Syrah |
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Condrieu - where and grape
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N.Rhone
Viognier |
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Saint-Joseph - where and grape (3)
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N.Rhone
Syrah, Marsanne, Roussanne |
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Crozes-Hermitage - where and grape (3)
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N.Rhone
Syrah, Marsanne, Roussanne |
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Hermitage - where and grape (3)
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N.Rhone
Syrah, Marsanne, Roussanne |
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Cornas - where and grape
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N.Rhone
Syrah |
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Cotes du Rhone - where and grape (6)
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S.Rhone
Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Clairette, Grenache Bl, Cinsault |
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Cotes du Rhone Village - where and grape (6)
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S.Rhone
Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Clairette, Grenache Bl, Cinsault |
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Vacqueyras - where and grape (3)
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S.Rhone
Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre |
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Gigondas - where and grape (3)
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S.Rhone
Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre |
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Chateauneuf-du-Pape - where and grape
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S.Rhone
Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Clairette, Roussanne |
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Lirac - where and grape (4)
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S.Rhone
Genache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Cinsault |
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Tavel - where and grape (2)
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S.Rhone
Cinsault, Grenache |
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Cotes de Provence grape (3)
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Cinsault, Grenache, Tibouren
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When was Pommerol classified?
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Never
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Montagne de Reims - where and grape
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Champagne, 50%PN, Chard 1/3
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Vallee de la Marne - where and grape
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Champagne, mostly Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir1/3, Chardonnay about 10%
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Cotes de Blancs - where and grape
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Champagne. Almost exclusively Chardonnay
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The Aube - where and grape
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Champagne, 80% Pinot Noir.
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Cote de Sezanne - where and grape
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Champagne, 70% Chard
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German grapes (3)
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Riesling, Silvaner, Muller-Thurgau
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What is a Pinot Gris in Germany?
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Rulander/Grauburgunder
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What is a Pinot Noir in Germany?
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Spätburgunder
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Quality levels in Germany
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Kabinett
Spatlese Auslese Beerenauslese Eiswein Trockenbeerenauslese |
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Austrian grapes (3)
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Riesling, Gruner-Veltliner, Zweigelt(red, third most planted)
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Burgundy Classification
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Regional - Village - Premier Cru - Grand Cru
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Which Rhone wine is 80% of production
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Cotes du Rhone
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Barolo - where and grape
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Piemonte
Nebbiolo |
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Barbaresco - where and grape
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Piemonte
Nebbiolo |
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Barbera d'Asti - where and grape
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Piemonte
Barbera |
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Dolcetta d'Asti - where and grape
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Piemonte
Dolcetta |
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Gavi - where, color and grape
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Piemonte
White Corese |
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Alto Adige - where, color and grape
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Trentino-Alto Adige
Whtie Schiave, Riesling, Gerwurztraminer |
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Trentino - where, color and grape (2)
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Trentino-Alto Adige
Red Pinot Grigio, Teroldego |
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Froili Grave - where and grape (5)
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Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Refosco, Merlot, Cab Franc, Cab Sauv, Pinot Gris |
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Collio - where and grape (2)
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Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Tocai Friuliano, Pinot Grigio |
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Valpolicella - where, color and grape (2)
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Veneto
Red Corvina, Rondinella, Molinara |
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Soave - where, color and grape
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Veneto
White Garganega |
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Veneto - where and grape (2)
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Veneto
Corvina, Merlot |
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Lambrusco Vino da Tavola - where and grape
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Emilia-Romagna
Lambrusco |
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Lambrusco DOC - where and grape
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Emilia-Romagna
Sangiovese |
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Trebbiano di Romagna DOC - where and grape
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Emilia-Romagna
Trebbiano |
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Chianti Classico/Ruffina/Colli Senesi - where and grape
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Tuscany
Sangiovese |
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Brunello di Montalcino - where and grape
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Tuscany
Sangiovese |
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Orvieto - where and grape (3)
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Umbria
Trebbiano, Grechetto, Malvasia |
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Montepulciano d'Abruzzo
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Abruzzo
Montepulciano |
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Trebbiano d'Abruzzo
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Abruzzo
Trebbiano |
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Amarone - where, color
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Veneto
Red |
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Aglianico del Vulture - where and grape
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Basilicata
Aglianico |
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Marsala - where and what
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Sicilia, fortified wine, similar to Solera system
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Rioja grapes - reds and whites (4, 3)
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Tempranillo, Garnacha, Graciano, Mazuelo
Viura, Malvasia, Garnacha Blanca |
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Cava - where, how
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Penedes, Spain
Method Traditionale |
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Spanish quality levels
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1. Vino de mesa
2. Cosecha 3. Crianza 4. Riserva 5. Gran Riserva |
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Sherry - grapes
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Palimino Fino, Pedro Ximenez, Moscatel
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Flor
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Film of yeasts
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Sherry types
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Fino, Amontillado, Olorosso, Cream
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Madeira - where, what, grape
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Portugal
dry white to sweet red Sercial, Verdelho, Bual, Malvasia, Tinta Negra Mole |
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Port grapes
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Bastardo
Tinta Cao Tinta Francisca Tinta Roriz Touriga Francesa Touriga Nacional |
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Tawny Port
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Tawny ports are wines made from red grapes that are aged in wooden barrels, exposing them to gradual oxidation and evaporation. As a result, they gradually mellow to a golden-brown colour. The exposure to wood imparts "nutty" flavours to the wine, which is blended to match the house style.
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Colheita
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A Tawny port from a single vintage
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Ruby port
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After fermentation, stored in tanks made of concrete or stainless steel to prevent oxidative aging, and preserve its rich claret color. The wine is usually blended to match the style of the brand to which it is to be sold. The wine is fined and cold filtered before bottling, and does not generally improve with age.
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Reserve or vintage character
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Reserve port is a premium Ruby port approved by a tasting panel.
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Late Bottled Vintage (LBV)
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Late Bottled Vintage (often referred to simply as LBV) was originally wine that had been destined for bottling as Vintage Port, but because of lack of demand was left in the barrel for longer than had been planned. Over time it has become two distinct styles of wine, both of them bottled between four and six years after the vintage, but one style is fined and filtered before bottling while the other is not.
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Vinho Verde - where
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Portugal
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Fruili-Venezia Giulia most famous wines (3)
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Collio, Grave del Friuli, Colli Orientali del Friuli
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Frascati - where and grape
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Lazio
Malvasia, Trebbiano |
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Taurasi - where, color, grape
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Campania, Italy
red, Aglianico, Greco, Fiano |
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Greco di Tufo - where, color, grape
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Campania, Italy
white, Aglianico, Greco, Fiano |
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Salice Salentino - where, grape
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Apulia, Italy
Negroamaro |
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South-Eastern Australia - grape (2)
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Shiraz-Cabernet blends, Chardonnay-Semillon blends
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Barossa Valley - where, grape
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Australia
Shiraz |
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Hunter Valley - where, grape (3)
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Australia
Shiraz, Chardonnay, Semillon (dry and botrytized) |
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McLaren Vale - where, grape
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Australia
Shiraz |
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Coonawarra - where, grape
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Australia
Shiraz, Cab Sauv |
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Yarra Valley - where, grape
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Australia
Bordeaux blends, Pinot Noir |
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Adelaide Hills - where, grape
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Australia
Chardonnay |
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Eden Valley - where, grape
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Australia
Riesling |
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Clare Valley - where, grape
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Australia
Riesling |
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Margaret River - where, grape (2)
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Australia
Cab Sauv, Bordeaux blends |
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Gisborne - where, grape
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N. New Zealand
Chardonnay |
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Hawkes Bay - where, grape
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N. New Zealand
Cab Sauv, Merlot |
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Martinborough - where, grape
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N. New Zealand
Pinot Noir |
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Marlboro - where, grape
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S.New Zealand
Sauv Blanc, Chardonnay |
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Central Otago - where, grape
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S. New Zealand
Pinot Noir |
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Mendoza - where, grape
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Argentina
Malbec, Cab Sauv, Chard |
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Cafayate - where, grape
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Argentina
Torrontes, Cab Sauv |
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Rio Negro - where, grape
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Argentina
Malbec |
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Casablanca - where, grape
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Chile
Chardonnay, Sauv Blanc |
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Central Valley - where, grape
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Chile
Chardonnay, Sauv Blanc |
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Maipo Valley - where, grape (2)
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Chile
Cab Sauv, Merlot |
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Rapel - where, grape
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Chile
Cab Sauv, Merlot |
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Stellenbosch - where, grape
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South Africa
Cab Sauv |
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Walker Bay - where, grape
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South Africa
Chard |
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Constantia - where, grape
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South Africa
Sauv Blanc |
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Coastal - where, grape
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South Africa
Chard, Sauv Bl, Pinotage, Chenin Bl |
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Rio Grande Do Sol - where, grape (5)
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Brazil
Merlot, Cab F, Barbera, Chard, Semillon |
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Paarl - where, grape
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South Africa
Pinotage, Cab S, Merlot, Syrah, Steen (Chenin Blanc) |
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What is Chenin Blanc called in South Africa?
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Steen
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Auckland - where
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N. New Zealand
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Columbia - where
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Washington
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Walla Walla Valley - where
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Washington
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Yakima Valley - where
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Washington
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Puget Sounds - where
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Washington
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How many AVAs are in Oregon?
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16
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How many AVAs are in Washinton?
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10
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Vintage in the US must be
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95% from the vintage yearr
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Federally, varietal has to be
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75% of what is labeled
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Federally, geographical labels have to be
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85% of what is labeled
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Willamette Valley - where
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Oregon
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Umpqua Valley - where
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Oregon
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Rogue Valley - where
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Oregon
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How many AVAs in NY?
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9
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Three basic ingredients of spirits
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Convertible starch (sugar cane, wine, grain mash, agave), yiest, water
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Pot still
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Large bulb shaped, copper. Used for Cognac, scotch malts, Irish, Tequila, some bourbon and Armagnac
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Willamette Valley - where
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Oregon
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Umpqua Valley - where
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Oregon
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Rogue Valley - where
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Oregon
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How many AVAs in NY?
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9
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Three basic ingredients of spirits
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Convertible starch (sugar cane, wine, grain mash, agave), yiest, water
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Pot still
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Large bulb shaped, copper. Used for Cognac, scotch malts, Irish, Tequila, some bourbon and Armagnac
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Column Stills
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Two large heated columns allow evaporated alcohol to cool and pass through continuously. The most efficient way to make grain neutral spirit. Used for gin, white rums, vodka, bourbon, Candian and American whiskies.
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Brandy - where, from what, distillation
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Spain, Mexico, France, US
Wine Column or pot-distilled |
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Cognac - where, from what, distillation
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Cognac, France
All Cognac Brandy, not all Brandy Cognac Different aging for different levels Double distilled and aged for min 3 years |
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Scotch - where, from what, distillation
|
Scotland
Aged in oak for 3 years From barley, wheat, corn All Scotch is whiskey, not all whiskey is Scotch |
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Irish Whiskey - where, from what, distillation
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Column and pot distilled
mostly barley Distilled 3 times |
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Bourbon - where, from what, distillation
|
aged 4 years
can be corn, wheat, rye, barlye |
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White goods vs Brown goods
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White does not require aging as part of process
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Vodka - where, from what, distillation
|
Grain neutral spirit made from any convertible starch. Filtered. Column distilled
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Gin - where, from what, distillation
|
Grain neutral spirit where flavor agents (coriander, citrus peel, juniper, caraway, cucumber) and part of distillation process. Pot still and column
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Rum- where, from what, distillation
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Cane and molasses
Pot and column still |
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Tequila - where, from what, distillation
|
Distilled twice from weber blue agave from Jalisco, Mexico. Lily family, not a cactus.
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Cordials and aperitifs
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Neutral spirits base with flavoring and other ingredients. Flavor agents steeped or extract added.
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