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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Muscle Spindle |
sensory organ in muscle; made up of muscle fibers, sensory endings, & motor endings |
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Intrafusal fibers |
specialized muscle fibers inside muscle spindle |
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2 Types of Intrafusal Fibers |
Nuclear bag fibers Nuclear chain fibers |
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Nuclear bag fibers |
intrafusal fibers that have a clump of nuclei in the central region |
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Nuclear chain fibers |
intrafusal fibers that have nuclei arranged single file |
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Golgi Tendon Organs |
- nerve endings that are sensitive to very slight changes in tension - respond to both active contraction & passive stretch of muscle |
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Joint Receptors - What do they do? - Which 3 afferents are associated with them? |
- respond to mechanical deformation of the capsule and ligaments - 3 afferents: Ligament receptors, Ruffini's & paciniform endings, & Free nerve endings |
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3 things required for fully normal proprioception |
muscle spindles joint receptors cutaneous mechanoreceptors |
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3 Types of Pathways that bring sensory information to the brain |
conscious relay pathways divergent pathways unconscious relay pathways |
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Somatotopic |
info arranged similarly to the anatomic organization of the body |
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Projection Neurons |
neurons with long axons |
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Tract (in the CNS) |
a bundle of axons with the same origin & a common termination |
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Conscious Relay Pathway |
- type of pathway that brings info about location & type of stimulation to the cerebral cortex - high fidelity, so info is specific |
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Discriminative touch |
- localization of touch & vibration - ability to discriminate between 2 closely spaced points touching the skin - used to describe sensations conveyed in conscious relay pathways |
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Divergent Pathway |
- type of pathway that transmits info to many locations in brainstem & cerebrum - this info is used at both conscious & unconscious levels (ex. aching pain) |
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Unconscious Relay Pathways |
-brings unconscious proprioceptive & other movement-related info to cerebellum -this info is essential for automatic adjustments of our movements & posture |
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Conscious Proprioception |
awareness of movements & of relative position of body parts |
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Stereognosis |
ability to use touch & proprioceptive info to identify an object |
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The 3-Neuron Relay of the pathway for discriminative touch & conscious proprioception |
1. Primary Neuron conveys info from receptors to medulla 2. Secondary Neuron conveys info from medulla to thalamus 3. Tertiary Neuron conveys info from thalamus to cerebral cortex |
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Dorsal Column/ Medial Lemniscus System |
anatomic name for the pathway that conveys discriminative touch & conscious proprioception |
