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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Earth
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A sphere that moves in three ways
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2 ways Earth spins
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Rotation: spins on its axis, takes 23.56 hours
Revolves: orbits around sun, takes 365.25 days |
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Direction Earth Rotates
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Counterclockwise
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Earth is fatter at the equator and looks squished because...
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Rotation
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Degrees time zones are apart
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15 degrees
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Time Zones are...
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The distance earth rotates in ONE hour
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What shape is Earth's orbit?
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Elliptical
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Point closest to the sun (January)
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Perihelion
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Point farthest from the sun (July)
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Aphelion
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Earth's axis tilted
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23.5 degrees
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Tilt causes..
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seasons
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When the Northern Hemisphere points towards the sun, it is _________ in Newington.
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Summer
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When the Southern Hemisphere points towards the sun, it is _______ in Newington.
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Winter
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Shortest day of the year and the first day of winter
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December 21,22 (Winter Solstice)
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Longest day of the year and the first day of summer
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June 20,21 (Summer Solstice)
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First day of spring where day and night are equal
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Vernal Equinox
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First day of fall where day and night are equal
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Autumnal Equinox
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Moon
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A natural satellite of Earth
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Orbit, Oval, ______
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Elliptical
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Moon orbits and rotates in... (amount of time)
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27.3 days
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We always see the ______ side of the moon
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Same
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High and Low temperature of the moon
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High: 130 degrees
Low: -175 degrees |
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Craters
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Round holes caused by meteors
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Maria
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Dark, flat plain, means "sea"
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Rilles
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Long, narrow valleys that cut across marias
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Highlands
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Mountains
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The moon does not produce its own...
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Light
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The Moon Reflects...
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The Sun's ray like a mirror
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Asteroids
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Irregularly-shaped chunk of rock or ice that revolves around the sun
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Direction Asteroids move
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Counterclockwise away from Sun
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Asteroid Belt
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Between Mars and Jupiter
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Trojan Asteroids
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Follow same orbit as Jupiter
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Meteoroid
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Solid chunk of rock/ice smaller than an asteroid
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Meteor
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Shooting star caused by friction, burning up Earth's atmosphere
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Meteorite
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Large fragment hits ground, meteor hits the ground
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Comet
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Icy, solid object travels in elliptical orbit - tails of gas pointed away from Sun due to solar wind
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Planets
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
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Inner Planets
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
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Outer Planets
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Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
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Mercury
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Hot, rocky
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Venus
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Hot, Earth's twin
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Earth (Features)
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Life on here
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Mars
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Colder than Earth, 2 moons
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Jupiter
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Largest, 63 moons
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Saturn
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Moons, Rings
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Uranus
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Green-methane, gas, rings, moon
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Neptune
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3 moons, rings
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Newton's laws
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1) Greater gravity is greater mass
2) Greater distance = less gravity |
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Intertia
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Resistance of gravity to say in orbit
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Gravity
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Force which attracts things together
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Daughter Theory
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The moon was originally part of the Earth - ejected a chunk from Earth to make moon
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Sister Theory
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Earth and moon formed together during 'Bing Bang'
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Capture Theory
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The moon formed somewhere else and Earth pulled it in
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Today
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Huge meteor hit Earth and it became moon
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Phases of the Moon
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New Moon
Waxing Crescent Moon First Quarter Moon Waxing Gibbous Moon Full Moon Waning Gibbous Moon Last Quarter Moon Waning Crescent Moon |
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Eclipse
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When Earth gets between sun and moon, shadowing the moon from our view
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Solar Eclipse
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When the moon gets between Earth and sun, blocking our view of the sun
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Umbra
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Completely shaded area
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Penumbra
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Partially shaded area
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Tides
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Rising and Falling of ocean water due to the moon's and sun's gravity
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Spring Tide
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Greatest changes; sun helps with gravitational pull; extreme high tides
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Neap Tide
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Smallest changes; moon and sun are at right angles from each other
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Moon has greater effects on tides because..
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Closer
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Universe
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Biggest thing
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Star
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Burning spheres of hydrogen, makes new materials by fusion
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Galaxy
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Large object made up of billions of stars, planets, etc.
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Space
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Area between planets, the moon, objects,etc.
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Solar System
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Collection of 1 or more planets that orbit the star - ours orbit sun
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Planets (Definition)
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Orbits a star and doesn't generate own light, reflects light
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Rotation
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Spinning of a body, such as a planet
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Revolution
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One complete trip along an orbit
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Orbit
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Path a body follows as it travels around another body in space
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Terrestrial Planet
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One of the highly dense planets nearest to the sun
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Astronomy
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Study of Stars
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Lunar Eclipse
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Earth gets between sun and moon
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Sun
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An average-sized star
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First Law of Motion
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All planets revolve in an Ellipse
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Second Law of Motion
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When closer, moves faster (Perihilion)
When farther, moves slower (Aphelion) |
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Third Law of Motion
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Math equation for 2nd law
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