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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Good Quality panels are covered with.. |
Tempered Solar Glass |
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The Solar Glass uses a _ _ _ _ to keep the absorbed sunlight at the panel (Not Reflect) |
Solar glass uses Tint. |
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Solar output is affected by |
Temperature |
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Panels are rated at peak output @ |
25 Degrees Celsius |
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Most Self-Regulated panels has an output of.. |
14.5 Volts |
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A Typical Panel would have an output of.. |
16-18.5 Volts |
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A Regulated Panel would have _ _ - _ _ Cells and creates __._ - _ _ volts |
33 To 36 Cells Creates (16.5-18) Volts |
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Most Self-Regulated panels would have _ _ - _ _ Cells and Creates an output of _ _ . _ - _ _ |
27 to 30 Cells Creates (13.5 - 15) Volts |
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Positive Charged Material is Called |
P-Silicon (Positive Silicone) |
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Negative Charged Material is Called |
N-Silicone (Negative Silicon) |
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Two people to develop the Selenium Cell |
Siemens and Frills |
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What did Siemens and Frills Develop? and When? |
Then developed the Selenium Cell in 1883 |
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What does the Selenium cell produce? |
Electricity |
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How efficent was the selenium cell? |
1-2% efficient |
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Who started cells with doping silicone |
Bell Labratories |
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What did Bell Labs. dope the silicone with? |
was Doped with impurities |
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Bells First Cells were how efficient? |
the Cells were 6% efficient |
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What happened in the 50's for Solar |
Solar Was researched more for going into space |
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Doping the silicon with boron and phospherous will help achieve what? |
achieve movement in one direction |
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Cells doped with boron.. |
Have a positive charge |
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Cells doped with only phosphorous |
Have a negative Charge |
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Silicon Photovoltaic cells consist of single layers of? |
N-Silicon and P-Silicon |
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The Thickness of 1 Cell is.. |
1/100" |
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Photovoltaic Cells Produce: |
0.5 Volts/Each |
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By connecting the cells in parallel we will increase the? |
Amperage |
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By connecting the cells in series we will increase the? |
Voltage |
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How are Solar Panels Rated? |
They are rated in Watts (POWER) |
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VOLTAGE X AMPERAGE = |
WATTS |
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Molecules that are in definite repeated pattern are? |
Mono-Crystalline |
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Mono-Crystalline Molecules...? |
Are in definite repeated patterns |
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Molecules that have different shapes with definite lines of demarcation or grain boundaries are? |
Poly Crystalline |
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Poly Crystalline Molecules |
Have Different shapes with definitive lines |
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Molecules that have no regularity to them are? |
Amorphous |
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Amorphous molecules... |
Have no regularity to them |
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Thin Film Cells |
Are Cheap to Make and Sell |
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Cheap to make and Sell |
Thin Film Cells |
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Highest Efficiency Cells are? |
Mono-Crystalline Cells (12-17%) |
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Manufacturing process is long and wasteful? |
Mono-Crystalline Cells |
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Second Highest Efficiency? |
Polycrystalline Cells |
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Absorbtion Charge |
Second Stage of 3 Stage charging. Voltage remains constant and amperage tapers. |
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AC |
Alternating Current Reverses direction at regular intervals 60 Hz. |
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Ambient Temperature |
Air temp around inverters and batteries. |
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Amp/Ampere |
Measurement of flow of electrical current |
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Amp Hour / Capacity |
Quantity of electricity given over rate over a definite time. |
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Ampacity |
The current carrying capacity of any electrical conducter |
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AGM |
Absorbed Glass Mat Battery Lead Acid Maintenance free. |
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Array |
Group of solar modules wired together |
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AWG |
American Wire Gauge Standard used to measure size of wire. |
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Battery Charger |
Device to replenish the capacity of a battery by supplying DC Current. |
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Bulk Charge |
The first stage of three-stage battery charging. Current is sent to batteries at the maximum rate they will accept while voltage rises to full charge level |
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Circuit |
Path of electric current Closed circuit is complete Open is incomplete |
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Series Circuit |
One path for the current to flow Volts add Up, Amps stay the same |
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Parallel Circuit |
More than one path for current flow Volts stay the same, amperage adds up |
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Current |
Rate of Flow Measured in Amps |
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Cycle |
In a battery, one discharge plus one recharge equals one cycle. |
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Deep Cycle |
Deep Cycle battery is intended to be deeply discharged and charged repeatedly. |
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Depth of Discharge (DOD) |
The amount of energy or charge removed from a battery bank, usually expressed as a percentage. |
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Discharge |
Stored energy being released from battery |
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DC Loads |
Loads that run off a DC Electrical System |
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Echo Charger |
Auxilary charger that can charge your engine battery when the main charger is in bulk or absorption mode. |
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Electrolyte |
A conductive medium in which the flow of electricity takes place. Found in Wet Cell Batteries |
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Equalization |
A deliberate controlled overcharge of the batteries which brings all cells up to the same voltage potential, reduces sulphation and stratification in flooded lead-acid batteries. |
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Float Charge |
The last stage of three stage battery charging after batteries reach full charge charging voltage is reduced to a lower level to reduce gassing Refereed to as maintenance charge. |
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Gel-Cell Battery |
Gelled electrolyte, sealed virtually maintenance free |
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Grid |
In reference to utility power. |
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Grid Tie |
An electrical system is connected to a utility distribution grid. |
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GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) |
Rapidly de-energizes a circuit when current to ground exceeds a predetermined value. |
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GPF (Ground Fault Protection) |
Prevents flow of electrical current to earth if a short circuit is present. |
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Hertz (Hz) |
The Frequency or number of times a second that the flow of AC electricity reverses itself. |
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High battery Protection |
A control circuit that disconnects charge current flowing to batteries when voltage reaches a dangerously high threshold. Prevents damage created by excess gasing or boiling. |
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House Battery |
Trailer battery, not a starter battery, Large deep cycle battery. |
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Hybrid systems |
Combine two or more energy sources Solar & Wind |
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Idle Current |
Current required to keep an inverter ready to produce AC on demand. |
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In-Rush Current |
The Peak power that a load will draw at the instant it start up |
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Type of loads that Surge on Start up |
Inductive Loads |
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Line Loss |
Voltage drop caused by resistance in wire. |
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Low battery protection |
Stops Flow of Electricity from batteries. |
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Modified Sine Wave |
AC Modified Square Wave |
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N.E.C. Stands For? |
National Electrical Code |
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Photovoltaic Panels |
Convert sunlight into electricity. |
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Power Factor |
Ratio between true power (Watts) and Apparent Power (Volts & Amps) |
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Power Sharing |
Reduces Charging when a AC Draw on Inverter |
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Resistive Loads |
Resistive heater element to generate heat or light |
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Sine Wave (Pure Sine) |
Smooth wave above and below Zero |
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Sulphation |
Lead sulphate remains on plates, and reduces the effective plate area. |
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Surge Capacity |
Amount of current an inverter can deliver for short periods. |
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Stratification |
Acid and Water separate. Acid falls to the bottom and water on top. |
