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132 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
HOMO SAPHIENS
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EARLIEST HUMANS TO THINK
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HUNTER/GATHERERS
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INTERRELATED GROUPS THAT SURVIVED BY FOLLOWING AND FINDING FOOD
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CULTURE
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THE WAY IN WHICH PEOPLE LIVED, INCLUDING ART, SCIENCE, AND GOVERNMENT
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NOMADIC
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WANDERING LIFESTYLE FOLLOWING FOOD AND WATER
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SIMPLE TOOLS
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ITEMS SUCH AS STICKS OR ROCKS USED TO ACCOMPLISH WORK
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CLANS
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INTERRELATED GROUPS OF PEOPLE
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ORAL LANGUAGE
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COMMUNICATION THAT DEVELOPED IN THE PALEOLITHIC ERA
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ARTIFACTS
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MAN-MADE OBJECTS USED BY ARCHEOLOGISTS TO DETERMINE HOW EARLIER PEOPLE LIVED
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ARCHEOLOGISTS
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PEOPLE WHO USE ARTIFACTS AND FOSSILS TO DETERMINE PAST HUMAN EVENTS
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FOSSIL
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ANIMAL AND PLANT MATTER WHICH HAS BEEN PRESERVED IN NATURE
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CARBON DATING
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A METHOD OF TELLING THE APPROXIMATE AGE OF AN ARTIFACT OR FOSSIL
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STONE HENGE
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GIANT CIRCLES OF STONE IN ENGLAND, PROBABLY USED FOR RELIGIOUS CEREMONIES
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MIGRATION
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THE MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE FROM ONE LOCATION TO ANOTHER
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SETTLED AGRICULTURE
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LIVING IN ONE PLACE AND RAISING FOOD
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COMPLEX/ADVANCED TOOLS
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TOOLS THAT REQUIRE RESHAPING OR COMBINING PARTS TO COMPLETE WORK
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DOMESTICATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
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THE TAMING OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
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SPECIALIZATION OF LABOR
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WORKING AT OR CREATING ONLY ONE ITEM OR GOOD IN ORDER TO MEET ONE'S NEEDS
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PICTOGRAPHS
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THE EARLIEST FORM OF WRITING BY MAN
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NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION
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A SHIFT FROM HUNTER/GATHERER SOCIETIES TO SETTLED AGRICULTURE
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BRONZE AGE
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THE TOOL AGE FOLLOWING THE STONE AGE
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MESOPOTAMIA
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AN AREA IN BETWEEN AND AROUND THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES RIVER VALLEYS
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SOUTH ASIA
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GEOGRAPHIC TERM FOR THE INDIAN SUB-CONTINENT
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EAST ASIA / FAR EAST
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GEOGRAPHIC TERM FOR CHINA
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NEAR EAST / MIDDLE EAST
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GEOGRAPHIC TERM FOR MESOPATAMIA AND PERSIAN EMPIRE AREA
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FERTILE CRESCENT
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"U" SHAPED AREA STRECTHING FROM THE EAST MEDITERRANEAN COAST THROUGH SYRIA INTO MESOPATAMIA
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CRADLE OF CIVILIZATION
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TERM DESCRIBING RIVERS AS THE BEGINNING OF CIVILIZATION
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EMPIRE
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A POLITICAL UNIT COMPOSED OF THE KINGDOM AND ALL OF THE CONQUERED LANDS
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HIEROGLYPHICS
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PICTOGRAPHS USE IN EGYPT
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CUNEIFORM
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PICTOGRAPHS/WRITINGS USED IN SUMERIA
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CITY-STATE
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INDEPENDENT CITIES AND THEIR SURROUNDING LANDS (SMALL KINGDOMS)
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POLYTHEISM
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BELIEF IN MORE THAN ONE GOD
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CODE OF HAMMURABI
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EARLY LAW CODE OF BABYLON
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BARTER
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THE EXCHANGE OF GOODS FOR GOODS
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MYTHOLOGY
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THE TALES AND LEGENDS OF A CIVILIZATION USUALLY CENTERED ON NATURE AND CREATION
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DYNASTY
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THE PASSING OF LEADERSHIP FROM FATHER TO SON
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GREAT WALL
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FORTIFIED BARRIER CONSTRUCTED TO PROTECT EAST ASIAN PEOPLE FROM ATTACK
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MANDATE OF HEAVEN
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APPROVAL NEEDED IN ORDER FOR CHINESE RULERS TO HOLD POWER
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SILK ROAD
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OVERLAND TRADE ROUTE THAT CONNECTED CHINA TO WESTERN EUROPE
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CIVIL SERVICE
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PROFESSIONAL GOVERMENT ORGANIZATION, WHICH REQUIRED TESTING IN ORDER TO WORK IN GOVERNMENT
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ANCESTOR WORSHIP
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BELIEF THAT DECEASED RELATIVES CONTINUED TO GUIDE THE FAMILY
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YIN / YANG
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REPRESENTATION OF GOOD AND EVIL IN CONFUCIANISM
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ARYAN
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RACE OF PEOPLE WHO CONTROLLED THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT WITH A CASTE SYSTEM
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KHYBER PASS
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MIGRATION/INVASION ROUTE INTO THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT THROUGH THE MOUNTAINS TO THE NORTHWEST
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ANIMISM
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A RELIGION THAT BELIEVES SPIRITS ARE PRESENT IN ANIMALS, PLANTS, AND OTHER NATURAL FORCES, INCLUDING SOULS OF DEAD ANCESTORS
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CASTE
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A RIGID SYSTEM ON THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT WHICH PLACED PEOPLE IN A PARTICULAR SOCIAL CLASS FROM WHICH THEY COULD NOT MOVE
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REINCARNATION
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BELIEF THAT A PERSON WILL RETURN IN ANOTHER FORM AFTER THEIR DEATH
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KARMA
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THE BELIEF THAT ONES ACTIONS IN LIFE DETERMINES ONE'S DESTINY AND FUTURE
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VEDAS
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RELIGIOUS SCRIPTURES FROM HINDUISM
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NOBLE TRUTHS
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MAIN IDEAS OF THE RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY OF BUDDHSIM
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PATH TO ENLIGHTENMENT
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THE COURSE IN BUDDHISM THAT WOULD LEAD TO FREEDOM FROM THE CYCLE OF REBIRTH
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TEN COMMANDMENTS
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MORAL LAW CODE OF BUDDHISM AND CHRISTIANITY
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TORAH
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THE HOLY SCRIPTURES OF JUDAISM
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MONOTHEISM
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BELIEF IN ONE GOD
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HEBREWS
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JEWISH PEOPLE
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EXILE
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BANISHED FROM A LAND
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DIASPORA
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THE SCATTERING OF JEWISH COMMUNITIES
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ALPHABET
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SYMBOLS USED TO REPRESENT SOUNDS CREATED BY THE PHONECIANS
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MONEY ECONOMY
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THE EXCHANGE OF GOODS FOR COINS
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BUREAUCRACY
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AN ORGANIZATION OF PEOPLE WHO COMPLETE THE DAY-TO-DAY TASKS OF GOVERMENT
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ZOROASTRIANISM
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EARLY PERSIAN RELIGION WITH A BELIEF IN THE FORCES OF GOOD AND EVIL
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ILIAD AND ODYSSEY
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EPIC POEM BY HOMER ABOUT THE TROGAN WARS
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GOLDEN AGE
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PERIOD OF TIME WHEN A CIVILIZATION ENJOYS A RAPID ADVANCEMENT IN CULTURE
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COLONIZATION
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THE SETTLING OF FOREIGN LANDS TO PRODUCE MATERIALS FOR THE HOME COUNTRY
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DEMOCRACY
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FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH ALL THE CITIZENS HOLD POWER
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OLIGARCHY
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FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH A FEW PEOPLE HOLD POWER
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ASEMBLY
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A GROUP OF GREEK CITIZENS WHO MET IN THE AGORA TO GOVERN
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AGORA
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OUTDOORS CENTER OF GOVERNMENT IN ANCIENT GREECE
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CITIZEN
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A PERSON WHO CAN TAKE PART IN THE GOVERNING OF A SOCIETY
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TYRANNY
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FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH ONE PERSON SEIZED POWER AND ESTABLISHED ONE-MAN RULE
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CODE OF DRACO
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CODIFIED LAW OF ANCIENT GREECE
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ARISTOCRACY
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FORM OF GOVERNMENT WHERE THE UPPER CLASS NOBILITY RULES
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DIRECT DEMOCRACY
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FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHICH EACH CITIZEN HAS INPUT INTO DECISION MAKING
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PERSIAN WARS
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WARS FOUGHT BETWEEN THE PERSIANS AND THE GREEKS
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PELOPONNESIAN WARS
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WARS FOUGHT BETWEEN SPARTANS AND ATHENIANS
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CIVIL WAR
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INTERNAL WAR OF A KINGDOM OR EMPIRE
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DELIAN LEAGUE
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ALLIANCE CREATED UNDER PERICLES TO FREE IONIA AND PROTECT GREEKS FROM PERSIA
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PARTHENON
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TEMPLE TO ATHENA
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GOLDEN AGE OF PERICLES / CLASSICAL AGE
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PERIOD WHERE GREECE REACHED IT'S CULTURAL HEIGHT
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HELLENISTIC
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THE MIXTURE OF GREEK AND PERSIAN CULTURES UNDER ALEXANDER
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PATRICIAN
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THE UPPER CLASS OF ROMAN SOCIETY
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PLEBEIANS
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THE LOWER CLASS OF ROMAN SOCIETY, THE MAJORITY OF FREE ROMANS
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REPUBLIC / REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY
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A FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN WHIC POWER IS GIVEN TO REPRESENTATIVE LEADERS THROUGH ELECTIONS BY THE PEOPLE
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SENATE
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GOVERNING BODY IN ROME COMPOSED OF THE PATRICIAN CLASS
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CONSULS
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TWO ELECTED OFFICIALS WHO ADMINISTERED THE GOVERNMENT IN ROME
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TWELVE TABLE
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THE CODIFIED LAW OF ROME
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PUNIC WARS
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WARS FOUGHT BETWEEN ROME AND CARTHAGE
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GAUL
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MODERN DAY ERA OF FRANCE DURING THE ROMAN EMPIRE PERIOD
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INFLATION
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SITUATION WHERE THE PRICES RISE AND THE VALUE OF MONEY DECREASES
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TRIUMVIRATE
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A THREE PERSON RULING GROUP
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PAX ROMANUS
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200-YEAR PERIOD OF ROMAN PEACE
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OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS
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THE HOLY SCRIPTURES OF CHRISTIANITY
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DOCTRINE
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THE TEACHINGS OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH
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PANTHEON
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TEMPLE TO ALL DEITIES
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COLISEUM
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ARENA FOR GLADIATOR BATTLES
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FORUM
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CENTER OF GOVERNMENT IN ANCIENT ROME
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ROMANCE LANGUAGES
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GROUP OF LANGUAGES THAT WERE DERIVED FROM LATIN INCLUDING FRENCH AND ITALIAN
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AENEID
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EPIC POEM BY VIRGIL ABOUT THE FOUDING OF ROME
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ECONOMY
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THE MANNER IN WHICH PEOPLE MEET THEIR NEEDS
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GRECO-ROMAN
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THE MIX OF GREEK AND ROMAN CULTURE
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CODE OF JUSTINIAN
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CODIFIED LAW OF THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE
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ICONS
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RELIGIOUS IMAGES USED IN CHRISTIANITY
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MOSAIC
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FORM OF ARTWORK USING PIECES OF TILE AND GLASS TO CREATE IMAGES
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HAGIA SOPHIA
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EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH INCORPORATING THE DOME ON A RECTANGULAR BUILDING
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EASTERN / GREEK ORTHODOX
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THE EASTERN CHURCH OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY
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ROMAN CATHOLIC
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THE WESTERN CHURCH OF EARLY CHRISTIANITY
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CYRILLIC
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ALPHABET ADOPTED FROM THE GREEK ALPHABET TO REPRESENT THE SLAVIC LANGUAGES
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KORAN / QU'RAN
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THE HOLY SCRIPTURES OF ISLAM
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FIVE PILLARS
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THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF ISLAM
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SUNNI
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ISLAMIC SECT BELIEVING THE CALIPHATE SHOULD BE HELD BY ANY MUSLIM
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SHI'A / SHITTE
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ISLAMIC SECT BELIEVING THE CALIPHATE SHOULD BE HELD BY A DESCENDENT OF MUHAMMAD
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BATTLE OF TOURS
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ENDED THE EXSPANSION OF ISLAM INTO WESTERN EUROPE
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DOME OF THE ROCK
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HOLY MOSQUE BUILT ON THE SITE WHERE MUHAMMAD ASCENDED TO HEAVEN
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MONESTARY
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A RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY OF MEN WHO HAVE TAKEN RELIGIOUS VOWS
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MISSIONARIES
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PEOPLE WHO SPREAD A RELIGIOUS MESSAGE
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PARISH
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THE LOCAL CONGREGATION OF CATHOLOCISM WITH A PRIEST AT THE HEAD
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MANOR
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AN ESTATE WITH PEASANT WORKERS GRANTED TO A NOBLE IN EXCHANGE FOR LOYALTY AND MILITARY HELP
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VASSAL
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A NOBLE WHO HELD LAND FROM AND SERVED A HIGHER-RANKING LORD
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FRANKS
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MEDIEVAL PEOPLE LIVING IN THE AREA OF PRESENT DAY FRANCE
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COMMON LAW
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LAW BASE ON JUDICIAL OPINION
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MAGNA CARTA
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DOCUMENT RESTRICTING THE POWERS OF THE ENGLISH KING AND LISTING INDIVIDUAL FREEDOMS FOR ENGLISH PEOPLE
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MOORS
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MUSLIMS OF SPAIN
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CZAR / TSAR
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EMPEROR OF RUSSIA
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CRUSADES
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RELIGIOUS WARS TO CONQUER MIDDLE EASTERN HOLY SITES BY CHRISTIANITY
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SECULAR
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REFERS TO NON-RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS
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CASTLE
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MEDIEVAL BUILDING DESIGNED TO PROTECT THE MANOR / FIEF FROM INVASION
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BUBONIC PLAGUE / BLACK DEATH
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EPIDEMIC THAT KILLED UP TO 1/3 OF EUROPEANS DURING THE MIDDLE AGES
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OTTOMAN TURKS
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ISLAMIC GROUP THAT CONQUERED CONSTANTINOPLE AROUND 1300 A.D.
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RENAISSANCE
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PERIOD OF RENEWED INTEREST IN CLASSICAL CULTURE DURING THE LATE MEDIEVAL PERIOD IN EUROPE
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GUTENBURG BIBLE
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THE FIRST FULL SIZED BOOK PRINTED WITH MOVABLE TYPE AND THE PRINTING PRESS
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USURY
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THE PRATICE OF LENDING MONEY AND CHARGING INTEREST, WHICH WA OPPOSED MY THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH
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ARCHIPELAGO
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A GROUP OR CHAIN OF ISLANDS
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SHINTO
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ETHNIC RELIGION OF JAPAN
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