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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The key to keeping soil in top quality and from eroding is to keep it covered with .....
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mulch or vegetation
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The biome with the poorest soil is the...
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tropical rainforest
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Good, rich topsoil is typically what color?
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black
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The top-most horizon consists of
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organic matter and detritus
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The label given to the top horizon is...
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O horizon
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Topsoil is found in the ___ horizon
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A
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Subsoil lacks....
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nutrients and organic matter
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Subsoil is found in the ____ horizon.
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B
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The ______ zone is found between the topsoil and the subsoil
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leachate
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Parent material can be found in the ____ horizon
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C
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Parent material consists of ....
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Rotting rocks
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The perfect blend of soil is called ....
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loam
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Loam consists of ___% clay, ___% sand, and ____% silt.
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20, 40, 40
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The smallest soil particle is ...
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Clay
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The largest soil particle is...
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sand
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Medium size soil particles are ....
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silt
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Clay is necessary in soil because of its ability to hold...
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water and nutrients
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Sand helps give ____ to soil
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porosity and drainage capabilty to soil.
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The total amount of air and water space in between grains of soil is...
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porosity
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Large particle soil has ____ porosity.
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large
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The smaller the soil particle size, the _____ the permeability
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lower
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The lower the permeability, the ____ the runoff.
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greater
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Soil that is compacted has ____ porosity and ____ permability
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less, less
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Soil that is already wet has ___ ability to absorb more water
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less
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A layer of soil is called a ...
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horizon
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An environmental catastrophe with U.S. soil in the 1930's caused by bad farming practices was called...
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the Dust Bowl
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When overwatered soil evaporates its water it can build up salts in a process called ....
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salinization
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The richest topsoil can be found in ....
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grasslands
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Why is tropical rainforest soil so bad?
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Nutrients are locked up in the canopy; Moist, warm climate speeds decomposition and nutrient uptake.
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What pH range should good topsoil be?
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slightly alkaline ( not acidic)
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Desert pavement is caused by...
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wind erosion
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The s_____ c_____ s_____ was started under FDR to help protect our soil from erosion
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soil conservation service
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The best kind of fertilizer for good topsoil is....
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organic fertilizer (manure, compost)
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Inorganic fertilizers require lots of _____ in order to manufacture them.
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energy (typically from fossil fuel)
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A program where we pay farmers to NOT grow crops so that land can recover is....
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Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)
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To minimize erosion a farmer should use ___ - ______ farming in his fields.
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no till
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