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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The key to keeping soil in top quality and from eroding is to keep it covered with....
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mulch or vegetation
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Good, rich topsoil is typically what color?
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black
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The topmost horizon is...
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the O layer (organic layer)
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Topsoil is found in the ____ horizon.
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A
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Subsoil is found in the ____ horizon.
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B
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The ____ zone or E horizon is found between the topsoil and the subsoil.
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leachate
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Parent material can be found in the ___ horizon.
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C
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Parent material consists of ....
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rotting rocks
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The perfect blend of soil is called....
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loam
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Loam consists of ___% clay, ____% sand, and ___% silt.
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20, 40, 40
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The smallest soil particle is....
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clay
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The largest soil particle is...
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sand
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Medium sized soil particles are called....
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silt
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Which soil particle is critical for holding water and nutrient in soil?
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clay
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Which soil particle gives soil good porosity and drainage capability to soil?
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sand
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The total amount of air and water space in between grains of soil is called...
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porosity
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As soil particle size gets less, the permeability...
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decreases
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As permeability of soil decreases, the amount of runoff....
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increases
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When soil is compacted its porosity and permeability are both....
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decreased
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Soil that is already wet has ___ ability to absorb more water.
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less
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The organic, O horizon, contains....
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detritus and leaf litter
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The biome (region) of earth that contains the poorest soil is the...
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tropical rain forest
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A layer of soil is called a ...
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horizon
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The richest soil on the planet can be found where?
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grasslands
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Soil erosion is mostly caused by ___ & ____.
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wind
water |
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The reason that Tropical Rain Forests have such bad soil is....
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it's so warm and rainy there, that decomposition is fast, and trees suck up the nutrients as soon as they are released by decomposers.
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When we say that soil is fertile, then the soil has lots of...
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nutrients and organic matter
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Instead of plowing furrows up and down a slope, then to reduce erosion, it makes more sense to....
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plow around a hill, following the contour -- "contour plowing".
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A fancy word for soil particle size is....
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texture
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There was a lot of wind erosion in the 1930's in the US Midwest from bad farming practices and drought. It was called the...
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Dust Bowl
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Rows of trees that protect soil from wind erosion are called....
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windbreaks
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It takes about ____ years to turn rock into 1 inch of topsoil.
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500
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Inorganic pelletized fertilizers are great for providing nutrients to soil, but they don't provide the organic matter that natural fertilizers like m____ provide.
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manure
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Not planting the same crops over and over again is good for the soil. This practice is called....
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crop rotation
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