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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of Soft Tissue Mobilization
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Hands on mobilization of soft tissues. Such as fascia, tendons, ligaments and muscle.
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Fascia
definition |
Fascia is a web of connective tissue under the skin that surrounds every muscle, bone, nerve, blood vessel and organ
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Fascia
how is it when healthy and unhealthy? |
. In it’s healthy state, it is relaxed and supple. When it is unhealthy, it is rigid and creates tension and pressure
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Fascia
can fascia be disconnected from other tissue? |
Fascia is a continuous system running from your feet to your head. It cannot be disconnected from the other tissues.
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Fascial symptoms
what will be seen in the tissues and how might it affect motion and the body? |
Tightness of the tissues that restrict motion or pull the body out of alignment.
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Fascial symptoms
what sense might be felt in the the muscles and joints? |
A sense of excessive pressure on muscles or joints that produces pain.
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Fascial symptoms
what kind of pain? |
General pain including headache or back pain
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Tendons and ligaments
main idea |
Connective tissue that is designed to withstand tension stresses.
They are highly elastic. |
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Tendons and ligaments
how does aging impact them? |
Aging significantly affects connective tissues with a general loss of collagen and water content
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Tendons and ligaments
how does pregnancy affect them? |
Pregnancy releases relaxin hormone in the last trimester causing a general relaxation of ligament structures
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Tendons and Ligaments
how responsive to heat? |
Ligaments and tendons, as well as fascia, are particularly responsive to increases in heat.
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Tendons and Ligaments
what is the most effective way to heat these tissues? |
The most effective method of heating these tissues is through exercise. When the entire body temperature is elevated, the circulatory system has fewer options for shunting the heat away from the treatment area.
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Muscle
how is muscle different than other tissue? |
Muscle is much different than the other tissues because instead of having to withstand stress, it creates it. The muscle fibers need to be able to work efficiently together to produce tension.
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Purpose of Soft Tissue Mobilization
what kind of technique and what is the goal? |
A manual massage technique for stretching connective tissue and muscle while releasing bonds between fascia, skin, muscles and bones. The goal is to eliminate pain, increase ROM and normalize postural balance and relaxation.
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Physiological Effects of STM
6 points |
Increased flow of blood and lymph
Increased flow of nutrients Increased removal of waste products Stimulate healing Decrease chronic edema Manual stretching of specific tissue |
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Results of STM
5 points |
Increased soft tissue extensibility
Pain relief Increased joint mobility Balance muscle activity Relaxation |
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Preparation
how should your hands be? |
Nails trimmed
Calluses trimmed Remove jewelry Hair pulled back Gloves, if risk to exposure to body fluids |
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Mechanics for STM
7 points |
Position patient for support/relaxation
Keep your hands flexible Keep fingers slightly flexed Use a controlled rate of movement Use a steady, even rhythm Use appropriate pressure Use your hands as an extension of your body. |
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Positioning for STM
5 points |
Maintain alignment of the patient
Drape to maintain modesty Choose appropriate table height Position patient for relaxation, do not make patient fight gravity while they are supposed to be relaxing PTA use staggered posture |
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Barrier to Relaxation
5 points |
Fear of unknown treatment
Cultural factors / PTA gender Inadequate draping Temperature Inadequate support / positioning |
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Indications for STM
6 points |
Subacute and chronic hypertonicity
Subacute and chronic pain Subacute and chronic edema Direction of massage important Loss of flexibility or function following injury or trauma Scars Overuse injuries/microtraum |
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Contraindications for STM
2 points |
Contraindication
DVT Acute inflammation |
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Precautions for STM
4 points |
Altered sensation
Altered mental status Open wound Frail skin |
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Effleurage
main idea |
Begin and end
Gain trust of patient Superficial layers Assess tissues Relaxation |
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Petrissage
main idea |
Deep tissue work
Seek to change the myofascial structure through lifting, stretching, milking, elongation or mobilizing adhesive tissues Is NOT aggressive or painful, move slowly through the tissues |
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Tapotement
main idea |
Percussion
Series of brisk blows May help to mobilize secretions Is stimulative, not relaxing |
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Friction
main idea |
Light pressure initially, to deep
Held or small motion for extended period Feeling of light warmth under fingers with release Allow fascia to “unwind” Counterirritation to address pain |
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Common areas for treatment
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TMJ
Occiput Periscapular elbow hands Low back quad hamstring knee post surgical ankle |
