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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Systematic study of human society
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sociology
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helps us to see general social patterns in the behavior of particular individuals
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sociological perspective
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the state of being excluded from social activity as an outsider
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experiencing social marginality
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the weakening of family community structures and traditions
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the growth of a factory based industrial economy
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statement of how and why specific facts are related
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theory
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theories are based on
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theoretical approaches (or paradigms)
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a basic image of society that guides thinking and research
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theoretical approaches or paradigms
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a freamework for builiding sociological theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability
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structural functional approach
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framework for building sociological theory based on the assumption that society is characterized by inequalities and conflicts that generate change
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the social conflict approach
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a theoretical framework based on the assumption that society is the product of everyday interactions between individuals
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the symbolic interaction approach
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important theorist in the symbolic interaction approach is
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max weber
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mental constructs that represent some part of the world, inevitably in a simplified form (social class)
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concepts
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concepts whose value changes from case to case (income, educaton, home)
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variables
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quality of consistent measurement
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reliability
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the quality of measuring precisel what one intends to measure
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validity
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the variable that causes change
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independent variable
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the variable that changes
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dependant variable
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when 2 or more variables change together
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correlation
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what usually creates social marginality? give example
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African Americans in slave time (minorities) women, elderly
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the 3 origins of sociology
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factory based industrial economy, emergence of great cities in Europe, and political changes, including rising concern with individual liberty and rights
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how did the growth of a factory based industrial economy cause a problem?
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it weaker family community structures and traditions
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problems with the emergence of great cities in Europe?
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gowing urban problems, poverty, crime, homelessness
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who expressed the ideas of origins of sociology
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locke, smith, and jefferson
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example of theory
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evolution-explains facts
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examples of structural functionalism?
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government, family, religion, education,
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who found the structural functionalism approach?
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Durkhem, comte, and spencer
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examples of social conflict approach?
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race, gender, social class effects money power education, and social prestige
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who found the social conflict approach?
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Marx and Dubois
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example of symbolic interaction approach?
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how ppl interact and use language to interpret meaning
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who found the symbolic interaction approach?
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max weber, mead, and goffman
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term for hitting the same spot
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reliability
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term for hitting the bulls eye
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validity
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examples of independent and dependent variable
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counselor prgram
that cuts down rates of behavior |
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a state of personal neutrality in conducting research,
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objectivity,
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the mere presence of a researcher may affect the behavior being studied
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(Hawthorne Effect).
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is a research method in which subjects respond to a series of items in a questionnaire or an interview.
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survey
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a part of a population researchers se- lect to represent the whole
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sample,
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example of sociological perspective
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age, gender and social class
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