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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Aggregate |
A collection of people who are in the same place at the same time but otherwise don't necessarily interact |
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Iron law of oligarchy |
A principle of organizational life under which even a democratic organization will eventually develop into a bureaucracy ruled by a few individuals |
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Six degrees of separation |
The theory that everyone and everything is six or fewer steps away, by way of introduction, from any other person in the the world so that chain of "a friend of a friend" statements can be made to connect any two people in maximum of six steps |
Small world theory |
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Solomon Asch's experiment on group conformity |
Who conducted an experiment to investigate the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could affect a person to conform |
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Relatively of social deviance |
Negative reactions to the act names behavior deviant Acts deemed as acceptable in one culture may be deviant in another |
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Differential association |
Bad company |
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Symbolic interactionist |
The view of social behavior that emphasizes linguistic or gestural communication and it's subjective understanding, especially the role of language in the formation of the child as a social being |
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Symbolic interactionist |
The view of social behavior that emphasizes linguistic or gestural communication and it's subjective understanding, especially the role of language in the formation of the child as a social being |
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Control theory |
Looks at people who are doing the right thing because they want to see what we are doing differently than people who are deviating |
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Labeling theory |
The view of deviance according to which being labeled as a deviant leads to engage in deviant behavior |
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Labeling theory |
The view of deviance according to which being labeled as a deviant leads to engage in deviant behavior |
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Strain theory |
States that social structures may pressure citizens to commit crimes |
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Innovation |
Accept culturally approved goals and achieved them through a disapproved way |
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Conformity |
The individual conforms to the dominant culture |
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Ritualist |
Individuals reject the goals, but accept the means |
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Retreatism |
People who reject both the means and the goals |
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Rebellion |
Individuals who reject the culture (values, goals, norms). |
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Master status |
A status that dominates other and thereby determines a person's general position in society |
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Organic solidarity |
A collective consciousness that rests on mutual interdependence, characteristic of society's with complex division of labor |
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Role conflict |
The situation that occurs when incompatible expectations arise from two or more social positions held by the same person |
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Social institutions |
An organized pattern of beliefs and behavior centered on basic social needs |
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Social structure |
The way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships |
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Status |
A term used by sociologist to refer to any of the full range of socially defines positions within a large group or society |
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Auguste Comte |
Father of sociology |
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Dramaturgy |
Humans play roles to present a certain image of ourselves, manipulate our audience, protect/hide ourselves, and amplify the rules of conduct that circumscribe our daily encounters |
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Functionalism |
Each part of a society serves a function necessary for the survival of the system as a whole |
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Material culture |
Consists of things that people attach to and use |
Cars, clothing, jewelry |
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Material culture |
Consists of things that people attach to and use |
Cars, clothing, jewelry |
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Non material culture |
Abstract terms for defining, describing explaining, clarifying what they do and how they live |
Languages, ideas, beliefs |
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Folkways |
Are the usual customers and conventions of everyday life |
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Norms |
Rules whose violation results in some form of punishment |
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Values |
Represents things of meaning and the ideas that make such things so important to us |
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Mores |
Are norms of such moral and ethical importance as to be punishable by institutionalizations |
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Ethnocentrism |
The belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture |
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Ascribed status |
Is a label by which a person is given without a choice |
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Achieved status |
Something that is earned |
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Sign vehicle |
Social setting |
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Ethnomethodology |
Society has unwritten rules |
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Thomas theorem |
If you defines something as tea it will have real consequences |
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Status symbols |
Something that you can visually represent for your status |
Orange jump suit .. In jail |
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Sterotype |
Take one characteristic from one body and apply it to a whole; usually false |
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Conflict theory |
Groups in competition with each other over scarce resources |
Power, prestige, and property |
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Gemeinschaft |
Small communities characterized by tradition and united by common ancestry or geographic proximity |
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Gesellschaft |
Contractual relationship if a voluntary nature of limited duration and quality, based of ration self interest, and formed to achieve a particular goal |
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Mechanical solidarity |
Durkheim's term for social bonds that are based of shared moral sentiments |
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Proletariat |
Working class |
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Protestant ethic |
Beliefs in hard work, frugality, and good work as means to achieve both economic success and heavenly salvation |
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Manifest functions |
Positive consequences that are brought about consciously and purposely that is expected |
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Latent functions |
Unintended positive consequences (unexpected) |
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Dysfunction |
An observable consequence that negatively affects the ability of a given system to survive, adapt, and adjust |
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W.E.B. Du Bois |
Crucial to the later focus of sociology on race |
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Max weber |
Inspired by Karl Marx, studied and termed the Protestant ethic |
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Macro |
Large scale |
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Macro |
Large scale |
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Micros |
Small scale |
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Cultural shock |
A sense of disorientation that occurs when one enters a radically new social or culture environment |
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Bourgeois |
Capitalist class |
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Primary group |
Ifluence who you are |
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Self fulfilling prophecy |
Accepting the label society has given you |
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