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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Sociology
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A discipline that is given to understand the world
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Wiehanschauung
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World View; Common Sense World and Taken-for-Granted world
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Sociological Imagination
(Who and what) |
C. Wright Mills
The connection between biography and history- Distinction between Public and Private |
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Socialization
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the creation of a background and a foreground of institutions
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Folkways
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habits that are appropriate but not necessarily insisted upon
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Mores
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practices of moral disapproval
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Customs
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routines of work and behavior
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Laws
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practices, rules, enacted by those who have political power;
inverse relationship between law and the other social norms |
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Social Control
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Emile Durkheim-
means by which any society brings back its rebellious members from breaking the rules |
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External Social Control
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Violence, economic pressure, informal pressure, political correctness
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Internal Social Control
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pressures that come from within the conscious
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Tribes
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People with which you share a common culture
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Inside/Outside
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A testament to how members of people inside the tribes treat those who are in it or out of it
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Culture
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A collective whole that binds people based on their similarities in religion, language, beliefs etc.
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World Builder
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Man is born unfinished, we create the material and cultural world out of necessity
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Deviance
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a way to manage social control
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Purposes of Deviance
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Creating an insider from an outsider;
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Three kinds of Deviance control
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Labeling- the naming of a deviant, casting him outside of the group and eventually getting him to accept
Solidarity- the creation of the group as a whole by naming an outsider Moral Authority- a moral hierarchy is established |
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Two types of Deviance
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Primary-insignifant, often ignored
Secondary-labeling of the offender and the acceptance of the label by the offender |
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W.I. Thomas
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"situations are real in their consequence"
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Cui Bono
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"Says Who"
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Socialization
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process of learning social patterns (institutions), the process of making external guidelines into internal rules
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Super Ego
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Conscious being
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Ego
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subconscious
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ID
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the being
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G.H. Mead
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Maker of Significant Other/Generalized Other
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Significant Other
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The person who one has strong emotional attachment with and who teaches the role to the individual
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Generalized Other
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the people who show us the truths we hold to be a part of our society, norms are created, rules are formed
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I and Me
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I- unsocialized, spontaneous part of self
Me-the empirically available self, part of the self that is shaped by society |
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Pluralistic World
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There are many worlds that are overlapping
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W.M James.
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The person who came up with multiple selves. "the individual has as many selves as there are people who hold an image of him"
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C.H. Cooley
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the person who came up with the "looking glass self"
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Looking Glass Self
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we become what people see us as being; identity is something that is socially bestowed on us
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Primary Socialization
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the aquaintance to the social world around us
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Secondary Socialization
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Socialization into a specific social world
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Cultural Trialectic
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Ideas, Institution and the identity
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Erving Goffman
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the person who came up with Analogical Thinking
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"All the world's a stage, we're all just performers"
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Define who we are by how we perform in a situation
use of adornments to create our identity backstage/frontstage |
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Derber
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Pursuit of Attention-Conversational Narcissim
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Collective Effervescence
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Mob Mentality
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Modernization
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process of social change where technology induced economic growth
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Modernity
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Epoch of modernization
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Three Qualities of the Modern World
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Rationalization, Structural Pluralism, Cultural Pluralism
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Rationalization
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order shown in social organization, can be organized through popularity, bravery, power
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Herbert Markuza
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Application of Man; Choices made are filtered through the grid of utility
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Cultural Pluralism
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Diversity in a Culture
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Tolerance
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Something needed in response to cultural pluralism
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Structural Pluralism
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The difference between public and the private spheres of the social world
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Public Sphere
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sphere of megastructures-institutions
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Private Sphere
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not consumed by megastructures-sphere of intimate
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Post Modern
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The period that aspired perfection but realized that the technology only gave more destruction
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Late Modern
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the period that fixed the issues of the period before it to have a greater development
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Deinstitutionalization
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the process of normative patterns entering the foreground and transforming from things that are taken for granted into conscious thoughts and choices
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Deinstitutionalization of Language
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the change in the meaning of words in our everyday lives
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Electronic Media and Deinstitutionalization
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attention put on the newest technology
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Consequences of the Electronic Media
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Transform Time and Space by Compressing them; Compartmentalize the world, divide up reality, Represents experience purely as entertainment, intimacy is abstracted
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Roots of Identity
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Family, Space, Religion and Social World
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Subjectivation
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the turning inward to establish an identity
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Authenticity
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Our true self is our moral self
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Sincerity
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Consistency in virtue
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Dignity
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inherent human significance
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Honor
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direct representation of status, implied certain standards of behavior
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Soul
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What defines us as more than a body
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Self
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What has come to define us
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Mate Selection
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modern phenomenon of choosing a mate
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Courtly Love
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a kind of love more about the emotion than the physical connection, celebrated adultery and chastity
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Deinstitutionalization of Childhood
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movement from kids being considered little adults to the process of their development
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Causes for the deinstitutionalization of the family
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1. cohesion of the family was being challenged and weakened
2. credible productivity, incredible wealth/ increases in food supply |
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Deinstitutionalization of Marriage
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movement from partnering with someone for procreation and economics to finding someone who could be your best friend/soulmate
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Totemism
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the finding of the most primitive religion and what causes it and how it developed
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Religion
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interdependent set of beliefs and practices regarding things sacred.
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Supernationalism
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the making of things sacred
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profane
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things that are not sacred, ordinary
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Stages of Totemism
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1:clan creates a common community
2: adoption of totem to represent clan 3: hold totem in a state of awe and respect 4: birth of beliefs and moral codes as result of the totem |
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Durkheim
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creator of totemism
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sacred
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symbolic representation of the groups values and traits
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Cause for Religion
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rites and rituals are social events which reinforce the qualities of the sacred
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Function of Religion
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serves as a refuge from personal experiences
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Sacred Canopy
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the metaphor that explains how religion affects life
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Secularization
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movement away from religion
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Stratification
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ranking of life choices based on differences in gender, race, age, religion
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Cause for Life Chances
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Education
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Karl Marx
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Class is everything
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Weber
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Power comes down to class, party and status
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E Pluribus Unum
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For many, one
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American Democracy
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the result of a changing E Pluribus Unum
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Emile Durkheim
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Solidarity
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Mechanical Solidarity
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based on common beliefs, values, ideals
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Organic Solidarity
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rooted in interdependence
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Ideal Consensus
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the idea of the American dream and how to achieve it
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Substance Consensus
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the loss of faith in the government
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Legitimation Crisis
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How can we know who is looking out for our best interest?
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Plausibility Structures
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Being surrounded by people who support your beliefs
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American Democracy
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the result of a changing E Pluribus Unum
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Emile Durkheim
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Solidarity
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Mechanical Solidarity
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based on common beliefs, values, ideals
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Organic Solidarity
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rooted in interdependence
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Ideal Consensus
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the idea of the American dream and how to achieve it
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Substance Consensus
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the loss of faith in the government
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Legitimation Crisis
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How can we know who is looking out for our best interest?
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Plausibility Structures
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Being surrounded by people who support your beliefs
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