Final

Front 1

People are not likely to accept authority as legitimate _________________.

Back 1

when they are threatened with physical force

Front 2

Sociologist define ___________ as the alteration, modification, or transformation of public policy, culture, or social institutions over time.

Back 2

Social change

Front 3

_____________ relies on modern technology to monitor and control people; mass propaganda and electronic surveillance are widely used to influence people's thinking and control their action.

Back 3

Totalitarianism

Front 4

According to the _______________ approach, if society is to operate as a stable system, it is important for people to be healthy and contribute to their society. Consequently, sickness is viewed as a form of deviant behavior that must be controlled by society.

Back 4

Functionalist

Front 5

Sociologist ______________ applied the term power elite to the most powerful in society, who are those at the top of business, the executive branch of the federal government, and the military.

Back 5

C. Wright Mills

Front 6

The ___________ makes up the top level of C. Wright Mills' pyramidal model of the power elite.

Back 6

legislative branch, special interest groups, and local opinion leaders

Front 7

The pluralistic model is rooted in a __________ perspective, which assumes that people in a nation share a consensus on central concerns and that the government provides services that no other institution can fulfill.

Back 7

Functionalist

Front 8

Weber used the term ___________ authority for power that is legitimized on the basis of long standing custom.

Back 8

Traditional

Front 9

True or false:

Charasmatic authority is more stable than traditional or rational legal authority.

Back 9

False

Front 10

According to economist Thomas Malthus, people should practice sexual abstinence before marriage and postpone marriage as long as possible in order to have only a few children. This would produce I hat he termed a ________ check on population.

Back 10

Preventative

Front 11

True or false:

Immigration is the only significant factor affecting population size and growth.

Back 11

False

Front 12

True or false:

All people who experience discontent or relative deprivation will eventually join a social movement of some type.

Back 12

False

Front 13

In Great Britain, the government sets helth care policies, raises funds, and controls the medical care budget, owns health care facilities, and directly employs physicians and other health care personnel. This is an example of __________.

Back 13

Socialized medicine system

Front 14

A child born in the United States in 2010 has a life expectancy of ___________.

Back 14

78.7 years

Front 15

British kings and Queens historically traced their authority from god. Weber called this ___________.

Back 15

Traditional authority

Front 16

In a system of rational legal authority, the authority is invested in the __________.

Back 16

Office

Front 17

True of false:

Longer life expectancy is a reflection of women's better health status than men's.

Back 17

False

Front 18

Individuals such as Hitler and Martin Luther King, Jr are examples of _____________ leaders.

Back 18

Charismatic

Front 19

Sometimes a corporation has virtually no competitors; this is termed _________. An ___________ exists when just a few companies have virtual control of an entire industry.

Back 19

Monopoly; oligopoly

Front 20

In China, the health care system is ______________.

Back 20

a mix of capitalism, communism, and government funded.

Front 21

According to many _________________ theorists, problems in the U.S. health care delivery rooted in the capitalist economy, which views medicine as a commodity that is produced and sold by the medical-industrial complex.

Back 21

conflict

Front 22

According to William Dunhoff, what is the role of the media in politics?

Back 22

Media to tend to reflect the biases of those with the greatest ability to access the media.

Front 23

True or false:

All expressive social movements are religious in nature.

Back 23

False

Front 24

_____________ requires that citizens be able to meet together regularly to debate and decide the issues of the day.

Back 24

Direct participatory democracy

Front 25

True or false:

The U.S. is the only nation that has a purely capitalist economic system.

Back 25

True

Front 26

Weber applied the term ________ to power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities or the demonstration of extraordinary insight and the accomplishments that inspire loyalty and obedience from followers.

Back 26

charismatic authority

Front 27

True or false:

Great Britain has a system of socialized medicine.

Back 27

True

Front 28

Although the most basic form of power is physical violence or force, most political leaders prefer to legitimize their power and then have what sociologists call __________.

Back 28

authority

Front 29

True or false;

In contemporary societies, the government is the primary political system.

Back 29

True

Front 30

True or false:

China is the only country in the world today with a purely socialist economic system.

Back 30

False

Front 31

A central tenet of the health care reform bill in the U.S. is ______________.

Back 31

affordable insurance through a new insurance marketplace

Front 32

Globally, the country with the lowest rate of infant mortality is ________________.

Back 32

Monaco

Front 33

Canada has a ______________ system, which is a health care system in which all citizens receive medical services paid for by tax revenues. In Canada, these revenues are supplemented by insurance premiums paid by all taxpaying citizens.

Back 33

universal health care

Front 34

True or false:

Alcohol use, which is legal above a certain age, is spread evenly among the adult population in the U.S.

Back 34

False

Front 35

True or false:

The U.S. Constitution grants authority to the person who occupies the office of the presidency; any particular president who fails to uphold the public trust may be removed from office.

Back 35

True

Front 36

After a lengthy political battle, a health care reform bill was signed into law in the U.S. in 2010. The name of the bill is ___________.

Back 36

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010

Front 37

In the 1830s in the U.S., Native Americans were marched from east of the Mississippi to Oklahoma and other places west of the Mississippi. This is an example of __________.

Back 37

involuntary migration

Front 38

According to sociologist __________, the purpose of government is to socialize people to be good citizens, to regulate the economy so that it operates effectively, and to provide necessary services for citizens.

Back 38

Emile Durkheim

Front 39

Political parties create a __________, which is a formal statement of the party's political positions on various social and economic issues.

Back 39

platform

Front 40

Political __________ is the process by which people learn political attitudes, values, and behavior.

Back 40

socialization

Front 41

One example of a(n) __________ regime was the National Socialist (Nazi) party in Germany during World War II; military leaders there sought to control all aspects of national life, not just government operations.

Back 41

totalitarian

Front 42

In 2010, an estimated __________ of the U.S. population had no health insurance.

Back 42

16 percent

Front 43

__________ is a political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government.

Back 43

Authoritarianism

Front 44

Homosexuality has been removed from the list of mental disorders compiled by the American Psychiatric Association. This is an example of __________.

Back 44

demedication

Front 45

__________ is a political system in which the people hold the ruling power either directly or through elected representatives.

Back 45

Democracy

Front 46

True or false;

Life expectancy has increased since 1980 in all countries.

Back 46

False

Front 47

When did the scope of government influence in people’s daily lives in the United States expand considerably for the first time?

Back 47

during Depression in the 1930's

Front 48

Researchers predict that over the next few decades in the U.S.

Back 48

obesity will reduce life expectancy by 2-5 years

Front 49

The unemployment rate takes into account ________________________.

Back 49

only people who are actively looking for a job

Front 50

Changes in population occur as a result of three processes. Which of these is not a process that results in a change in population?

Back 50

stratification

Front 51

True or false:

In most areas of the world today, women are having fewer children than they have in the past.

Back 51

True

Front 52

In the United States, the political system is a __________ in which people have a voice in the government elected representatives who serve as bridges between themselves and the government.

Back 52

representative democracy

Front 53

__________ are organizations of special interest groups that solicit contributions from donors and fund campaigns to help elect (or defeat) candidates who share their stances on specific issues.

Back 53

Political action committees

Front 54

Life expectancy varies by sex. Females born in the United States in 2010 could expect to live about __________ years, compared with a life expectancy of __________ for males.

Back 54

81 ; 76

Front 55

The pluralist model is rooted in a __________ perspective, which assumes that people in a nation share a consensus on central concerns and that the government provides services that no other institution can fulfill.

Back 55

functionalist

Front 56

Although __________ theorists acknowledge that there are many purposes of government, they also believe that government primarily works in the interests of the wealthy or politically powerful elites in society.

Back 56

conflict

Front 57

Both ascribed and achieved characteristics are correlated with various health risks. Which of these is an achieved characteristic related to health status?

Back 57

drug use

Front 58

In __________ monarchies, the royalty serve as symbolic rulers or heads of state whereas actual authority is held by elected officials in the national parliaments.

Back 58

constitutional

Front 59

Although the U.S. Constitution grants __________ authority to the office of the presidency, a president who fails to uphold the public trust may be removed from office.

Back 59

rational-legal

Front 60

True or false:

In contemporary societies, the government is the primary political system.

Back 60

True

Front 61

Older people (over age 65) are more likely to have __________ diseases.

Back 61

chronic

Front 62

According to some analysts, a major weakness of sociologist Talcott Parson’s sick-role model is that it __________.

Back 62

does not take into account racial/ethnic, class, and gender variations

Front 63

__________ authority is held by elected or appointed government officials, but authority is invested in the office, not in the person who holds the office.

Back 63

Rational-legal

Front 64

In a __________ system, governments enforce conformity, deny citizens the right to assemble for political purposes, restrict access to information, and employ secret police to create an environment of fear and suspicion.

Back 64

totalitarian

Front 65

The U.S. Constitution requires that each state have __________ senators and a minimum of __________ member(s) in the House of Representatives. The current size of the House of Representatives has not changed since the apportionment following the 1910 census.

Back 65

two ; one

Front 66

The corporate rich influence the political system by______________.

Back 66

helping to finance campaigns and grant favors to political candidates

Front 67

__________ is the social institution that ensures the maintenance of society through the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

Back 67

The economy

Front 68

__________ is the ability of persons or groups to achieve their goals despite opposition from others. Through the use of persuasion, authority, or force, some people are able to get others to submit to their demands.

Back 68

Power

Front 69

The subfield within sociology that focuses on the social circumstances of politics and explores how the political arena and its actors are intertwined with social institutions is called __________.

Back 69

political sociology

Front 70

True or false:

Illness is a social construction; definitions may change over time and between cultures.

Back 70

True

Front 71

True or false:

Research shows that while preventative health care is good for an individual’s health, it does not necessarily lower overall total costs of health care.

Back 71

True

Front 72

True or false:

All true nation-states have the same type of government.​

Back 72

False

Front 73

​In Weber’s work on authority, the term ___________ authority refers to power legitimized by law or written rules and regulations.

Back 73

rational-legal

Front 74

Changes in population occur as a result of three processes. Which of these is not a process that results in a change in population?

Back 74

stratification

Front 75

True or false:

All expressive social movements are religious in nature.

Back 75

False

Front 76

Even in Presidential election years, voter turnout can be low. For example, in the 2012 presidential election, approximately __________ of eligible voters cast ballots.

Back 76

60 percent

Front 77

The term __________ refers to the process of converting resources from state ownership to private ownership.

Back 77

privtaization

Front 78

The royal families in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Spain, and the Netherlands are present-day examples of __________.

Back 78

constitutional monarchies

Front 79

Members of the public attempt to influence those in power, and vice versa, with the dissemination of __________ ,which is information provided by those with a vested interest in furthering their own cause or damaging an opposing one.

Back 79

propaganda

Front 80

The U.S. government employs about __________ people, excluding the U.S. Postal Service.

Back 80

2.1 million

Front 81

Within the conflict perspective, the __________ model highlights how power in political systems is concentrated in the hands of a small group and the masses are relatively powerless.

Back 81

elite

Front 82

Political institutions first emerged in __________ societies as they acquired surpluses and developed greater social inequality. Elites took control of politics and used custom or traditional authority to justify their position.

Back 82

argarian

Front 83

In 2010 __________ of all full-time workers in the U.S. lacked health insurance.

Back 83

15 percent

Front 84

True or false:

Hispanics account for about half of population growth in suburban areas in the 2000's.

Back 84

True