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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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social stratification
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the process of ranking individuals and groups into hierarchical layers or strata
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open system
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people are allowed to change their status with relative ease
- high social mobility - achieved status |
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closed system
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difficult to change social status
-low social mobility -ascribed status (Japanese princess marries commoner) |
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Functionalist explanation of stratification
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it exists because it benefits society.
in order to gain status, it takes a person who is willing to perform at that high level. therefore, those people who have the highest statuses are those that are most needed for the society to operate well bc they're the most talented |
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conflict theory explanation of stratification
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it exists because it benefits groups with power, which in turn allows them to dominate over others
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synthesized view of stratification
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it evolves to reduce the conflict over scarce resources
as technology gets better, the surplus of goods is distributed based on power. conflicts can arise over the values and expectations of where to distribute them. |
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absolute poverty
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not having the means to secure the basic necessities of life (food, water, clothing, shelter)
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relative poverty
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inability to maintain an average standard of living in comparison to other members of society
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5 class system
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upper class (1-2%)
upper-middle class lower-middle class working class lower-class (20-25%-->blacks, Hispanics, single mothers with dependent children, etc.) |
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5 properties of minority group
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1.physical/cultural characteristics that make them different from dominant group
2.experience unequal treatment 3.born into the group 4.strong sense of solidarity 5.generally marry from the same group |
BUMPS
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race
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a social construct - a group of ppl who see themselves and seen by others as having hereditary traits that see them apart
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ethnicity
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groups identified culturally: language, folk practices, dress, mannerisms, religion, sense of nationhood, shared history
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3 components of racism
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ethnocentrism: out-group is object of fear
competition: success requires out-group to lose unequal power: determines which group can institutionalize the racism |
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Marxist theory of racism
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racial prejudice benefits capitalism
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Functionalist view of racial prejudice
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positive function for dominant groups
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conflict theorist view of racial prejudice
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it's a central factor in the exploitation of minorities
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interactionist theory of prejudice (micro-level)
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everyday interactions between people of different race can lead to more tolerance or more hostility
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institutionalized sexism
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policies, procedures, and practices that produce inequality between men and women
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